Venom allergy and knowledge about anaphylaxis among beekeepers and their families

Background Beekeepers and their families are at an increased risk of life-threatening anaphylaxis due to recurrent bee-sting exposures. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic features, previous history of anaphylaxis among beekeepers and their family members, and their knowledge about the symptoms and management of anaphylaxis. Methods A standardized questionnaire was administered to beekeepers during the 6th International Beekeeping and Pine Honey Congress held in 2018, in Mugla, Turkey. Additionally, food-service staff from restaurants were surveyed as an occupational control group about their knowledge about anaphylaxis. Results Sixty-nine beekeepers (82.6% male, mean age 48.4 ± 12.0 years) and 52 restaurant staff (46.2% male, mean age 40.5 ± 10.0 years) completed the questionnaire. Awareness of the terms ‘anaphylaxis’ and ‘epinephrine auto-injector’ among the beekeepers were 55.1% and 30.4% and among the restaurant staff were 23.1% and 3.8%, respectively. Of the beekeepers, 74% were able to identify the potential symptoms of anaphylaxis among the given choices; 2.9% and 5.8% reported anaphylaxis related to bee-stings in themselves and in their family members, respectively. None of the restaurant staff had experienced or encountered anaphylaxis before but 3.8% of their family members had anaphylaxis and those reactions were induced by drugs. Conclusion It is essential that implementation of focused training programs about anaphylaxis symptoms and signs as well as practical instructions of when and how to use an epinephrine auto-injector will decrease preventable morbidities and mortalities due to bee-stings in this selected high-risk population of beekeepers and their family members, as well as other fieldworkers under risk.