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Soil nutrient loss through erosion: Impact of different cropping systems and soil amendments in Ghana
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 12, p e0208250 (2018)
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2018.
-
Abstract
- Soil erosion is a multifactor threat to crop production and the environment. Most studies on soil erosion characterization have not focused on soil nutrient loss associated with erosion. The aim of this study was therefore to quantify the magnitude of nutrient loss through soil erosion under different cropping systems and amendments to inform agronomic practices in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A field experiment was carried out on runoff plots with different cropping systems (sole maize, sole cowpea, sole maize and maize intercropped with soybean) as main plots and soil amendments (biochar, NPK (Nitrogen +Phosphorus +Potassium) fertilizer, NPK + biochar and a control (no amendment)) constituting the subplots in a randomized complete block design. For each block, a bare plot was included to assess the efficiency of the different crop and soil management practices on soil erosion. The study was carried out in three consecutive cropping seasons in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana. The bare plots had the highest amounts of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) eroded: 33.88, 12.35 and 12.75 kg ha-1 respectively followed by the control plots with magnitude of 20.43, 8.42 and 7.87 kg ha-1 respectively for N, P and K. Sole maize had the highest amounts of nutrient loss: 19.71, 8.12 and 7.27 for N, P and K respectively compared to all the other cropping systems where the losses varied respectively from 12.38 to 17.12, 6.67 to 7.49 and 5.81 to 6.75 kg ha-1 The legume-based cropping systems under inorganic fertilizer and biochar management effectively reduced nutrient loss more than all other treatment combinations. The off-site effect of soil erosion expressed as enrichment ratio (ER) was higher for all plots, which received inorganic fertilizer inputs varying from 1.93 to 3.06 while the other treatments had ERs of 1.51 to 2.03. The ERs of fine soil particles were greater than 1 (ranging from 1.14 to 3.6) being relatively higher than that of coarse particles (sand) with values below 1 (ranging from 0.62 to 0.88). The least cumulative monetary value of nutrient loss (30.82 US$ ha-1) was observed under cowpea cropping system which received NPK + BC treatment. Soil erosion affected directly soil nutrient depletion through nutrient loss; however, integrated soil fertility management associated with legume-based cropping systems can be alternative options to reducing its effects on croplands in SSA.
- Subjects :
- lcsh:Medicine
010501 environmental sciences
Ghana
01 natural sciences
Soil management
Soil
Agricultural Soil Science
Edaphology
Biochar
Medicine and Health Sciences
Cropping system
lcsh:Science
Sedimentary Geology
Multidisciplinary
Eukaryota
Agriculture
Geology
Phosphorus
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
Plants
Experimental Organism Systems
Agricultural soil science
Erosion
Fertilizer
Agrochemicals
Research Article
Crops, Agricultural
Nitrogen
Soil Science
Crops
engineering.material
Research and Analysis Methods
Model Organisms
Plant and Algal Models
Grasses
Fertilizers
Africa South of the Sahara
Nutrition
Petrology
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
lcsh:R
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Geomorphology
Nutrients
Maize
Soil conditioner
Agronomy
Earth Sciences
Animal Studies
Potassium
040103 agronomy & agriculture
engineering
0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
Environmental science
lcsh:Q
Sediment
Soybean
Surface runoff
Crop Science
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....bb60005c6156e329d08f152627ca5f65