A unified model of NMDA receptor-dependent bidirectional synaptic plasticity

Synapses in the brain are bidirectionally modifiable, but the routes of induction are diverse. In various experimental paradigms, N -methyl- d -aspartate receptor-dependent long-term depression and long-term potentiation have been induced selectively by varying the membrane potential of the postsynaptic neurons during presynaptic stimulation of a constant frequency, the rate of presynaptic stimulation, and the timing of pre- and postsynaptic action potentials. In this paper, we present a mathematical embodiment of bidirectional synaptic plasticity that is able to explain diverse induction protocols with a fixed set of parameters. The key assumptions and consequences of the model can be tested experimentally; further, the model provides the foundation for a unified theory of N -methyl- d -aspartate receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity.