« Gendarme de l’Europe » ou « chef de file » ? Le Maroc dans le dispositif régulateur des migrations euro-méditerranéennes

Efforts to regulate international migration have resulted in a global architecture that seeks to incorporate states of origin and transit. As a country of origin, transit and destination, Morocco occupies a particular place in this architecture. Adopting a Foucauldian governmentality approach, the present article considers the latter as a dispositif meant to align state perception and action. Such an approach allows one to conceptualize the regulation of Euro-Mediterranean migration, not as a simple externalization of the demands of the European Union towards a third country, but rather as a neoliberal governmentality. This is reflected in a dispositif of the conduct of conduct, the cartography of which reveals a political rationality and governmental technologies that aim to transform states of origin and transit into responsible, self-disciplining partners. Studying this dispostif, however, also reveals that it is unstable and traversed by its partners’ reluctance and counter-conducts. ■