Back to Search
Start Over
The Food Poisoning Toxins of Bacillus cereus
- Source :
- Toxins, Vol 13, Iss 98, p 98 (2021), Toxins
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Bacillus cereus is a ubiquitous soil bacterium responsible for two types of food-associated gastrointestinal diseases. While the emetic type, a food intoxication, manifests in nausea and vomiting, food infections with enteropathogenic strains cause diarrhea and abdominal pain. Causative toxins are the cyclic dodecadepsipeptide cereulide, and the proteinaceous enterotoxins hemolysin BL (Hbl), nonhemolytic enterotoxin (Nhe) and cytotoxin K (CytK), respectively. This review covers the current knowledge on distribution and genetic organization of the toxin genes, as well as mechanisms of enterotoxin gene regulation and toxin secretion. In this context, the exceptionally high variability of toxin production between single strains is highlighted. In addition, the mode of action of the pore-forming enterotoxins and their effect on target cells is described in detail. The main focus of this review are the two tripartite enterotoxin complexes Hbl and Nhe, but the latest findings on cereulide and CytK are also presented, as well as methods for toxin detection, and the contribution of further putative virulence factors to the diarrheal disease.
- Subjects :
- Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Bacillus cereus
Virulence
lcsh:Medicine
Context (language use)
Enterotoxin
Toxicology
medicine.disease_cause
Microbiology
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
cereulide
medicine
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
Food poisoning
biology
030306 microbiology
Toxin
pore formation
lcsh:R
Hemolysin
Cereulide
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
non-hemolytic enterotoxin
chemistry
hemolysin BL
cytotoxin K
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20726651
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 98
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Toxins
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b8516fd095a7fa1a8e043508d44e5ea8