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WILLIAMS-BEUREN MAPPING IN CALLITHRIX ARGENTATA, CALLICEBUS CUPREUS AND ALOUATTA CARAYA INDICATES DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENTS IN NEOTROPICAL PRIMATES
- Publication Year :
- 2007
- Publisher :
- Blackwell, 2007.
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Abstract
- Human chromosome 7 has a complex syntenic origin. It was divided into two segments in both the ancestral primate karyotype and in Platyrrhini. Apparently, a small segment in the ancestral platyrrhine karyotype was associated with HSA5 and the remainder formed a middle-sized submetacentric. We tested the dynamics of platyrrhine chromosomes by hybridizing the locus specific Willams-Beuren probe (7q 11.23, 450 kb) to chromosomes of representative species from the three families of the New World monkeys recently proposed by molecular genomics: Cebidae, Callithrix argentata (bare ear marmoset or silvery marmoset, 2n = 44); Pitheciidae, Callicebus cupreus [red titi monkey, or coppery monkey, 2n = 46)] and Atelidae, Alouatta caraya (black and gold howler, 2n = 52). In both the marmoset and the howler monkeys, the signal was found on the small segment of chromosome 7 associated with human chromosome 5, but not in Callicebus cupreus. Instead, the Williams-Beuren syndrome (WS) signal was found on a C. cupreus chromosome previously reported to be hybridized only by human chromosome 1. The WS probe indicates a small, but complex translocation never described before. Our results point out that fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with locus specific probes and cloned DNA fragments such as bacterial aftificial chromosomes (BACs) provides higher resolution than FISH with whole chromosomes paints. It may be well that the variability seen in the hybridization patterns and revealed by the WS FISH in this report is as a result of a rearrangement ‘hot spot’. The WS region in humans is composed of region-specific different blocks of complex segmental duplications that probably promote the extraordinary rate of evolutionary dynamics of this region among primate species, and which continues to be reflected today by the predisposition of this region to disease syndromes such as WS. The evolutionary history of this region also suggests that repeat families in this region had their origin in a common ancestor of both Old World and New World monkeys. Resumen El mapeo de la Sonda Williams-Beuren Sobre Callithrix Argentata, Callicebus Cupreus y Alouatta Caraya Revela un Diferente Pattern de Los Desplazamientos Genomicos en Los Monos del Nuevo Mundo La tecnica del Mapeo de la sonda Williams-Beuren sobre Callithrix argentata, Callicebus cupreus y Alouatta caraya revela un diferente ‘pattern’ de los desplazamientos genomicos en los Monos del Nuevo Mundo El cromosoma humano 7 tiene un origen syntenico complejo. En el cariotipo ancestral de los Primates y en Platyrrhini viventes se encontra en dos segmentos; el pequeno en Platyrrhine se asocia al cromosoma humano 5 y el resto forma un cromosoma submetacentrico de tamano mediano. Se ha probado la dinamica de los cromosomas de los Monos del Nuevo Mundo ibridando la sonda especifica de William-Beuren (7q 11.23, 450 kb) sobre los cromosomas de algunas especies representativas de las tres familias Platyrrhini: Cebidae, Callithrix argentata (2n = 44); Pitheciidae, Callicebus cupreus (Groves 1992, 2n = 46), y Atelidae, Alouatta caraya (2n = 52). Esta clasificacion ha sido propuesta recientemente a traves de la realizacion de estudios de genetica molecular. En todas las especies analizadas la senal se ha encontrado en el segmento pequeno del cromosoma 7 que esta asociado al cromosoma humano 5, excepto en el Callicebus cupreus, en la cual, la senal de la sonda William-Beuren ha sido encontrada en otro cromosoma distinto que se ibrida normalmente con el cromosoma humano 1. La sonda William-Beuren indica, por lo tanto, un desplazamiento pequeno, pero complejo, nunca descrito antes. Estos resultados revelan que la tecnica de mapeo locus especifica tiene una resolucion mayor que la FISH hecha con las sondas ‘painting’. Los cambios genomicos que se han podido observar gracias a la tecnica FISH se pueden explicar teniendo en cuenta la existencia de puntos calientes –‘hotspot’ en el genoma. La region de la sonda William-Beuren en el cromosoma 7 humano esta formada por distintos bloques complejos de segmentos de duplicacion que son con probabilidad responsables de este elevado grado de dinamismo evolutivo entre especies de primates; predisposition que en esta region se refleja hoy en el sindrome William-Beuren. Por ultimo, la historia evolutiva de esta region sugiere que los bloques de duplication tengon su origen en un antepasado comun a los Monos del Viejo Mundo y de Nuevo Mundo.
- Subjects :
- human chromosome 7
biology
Chromosome
Karyotype
Platyrrhini
Atelidae
biology.organism_classification
Williams-Beuren locu
Alouatta caraya
platyrrhini
evolution
Genetics
Cebidae
Animal Science and Zoology
Pitheciidae
Molecular Biology
Humanities
fluorescence in situ hybridization
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Callithrix argentata
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b7b1088c2118ff7c5b066e6c7fb7013b