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Modeling Habitat Associations for the Common Loon (Gavia immer) at Multiple Scales in Northeastern North America

Authors :
Kate M. Taylor
Peter V. August
Jane Copeland
Diane Nacci
Harry S. Vogel
John Cooley
Anne Kuhn
Source :
Avian Conservation and Ecology, Vol 6, Iss 1, p 4 (2011)
Publication Year :
2011
Publisher :
Resilience Alliance, 2011.

Abstract

Common Loon (Gavia immer) is considered an emblematic and ecologically important example of aquatic-dependent wildlife in North America. The northern breeding range of Common Loon has contracted over the last century as a result of habitat degradation from human disturbance and lakeshore development. We focused on the state of New Hampshire, USA, where a long-term monitoring program conducted by the Loon Preservation Committee has been collecting biological data on Common Loon since 1976. The Common Loon population in New Hampshire is distributed throughout the state across a wide range of lake-specific habitats, water quality conditions, and levels of human disturbance. We used a multiscale approach to evaluate the association of Common Loon and breeding habitat within three natural physiographic ecoregions of New Hampshire. These multiple scales reflect Common Loon-specific extents such as territories, home ranges, and lake-landscape influences. We developed ecoregional multiscale models and compared them to single-scale models to evaluate model performance in distinguishing Common Loon breeding habitat. Based on information-theoretic criteria, there is empirical support for both multiscale and single-scale models across all three ecoregions, warranting a model-averaging approach. Our results suggest that the Common Loon responds to both ecological and anthropogenic factors at multiple scales when selecting breeding sites. These multiscale models can be used to identify and prioritize the conservation of preferred nesting habitat for Common Loon populations. RESUME. Le Plongeon huard (Gavia immer) est considere comme un representant emblematique et ecologiquement important de la faune dependante du milieu aquatique en Amerique du Nord. L’aire de reproduction du Plongeon huard a subi une contraction depuis le siecle passe en raison de la degradation de son habitat consecutive au derangement humain et a l’augmentation de l’occupation humaine sur les bords de lacs. Nous avons choisi le cas du New Hampshire, E.-U., car il y existe un programme de suivi a long terme effectue par le Loon Preservation Committee, qui collige les donnees biologiques sur l’espece depuis 1976. La population du Plongeon huard est repartie partout dans cet Etat, selon une grande variete de milieux lacustres, de conditions de qualite d’eau et de degres de derangement humain. Nous avons utilise une approche multi-echelles afin d’evaluer la relation entre le Plongeon huard et son habitat de nidification, dans trois ecoregions physiographiques naturelles au New Hampshire. Ces differentes echelles refletent d’autres caracteristiques relatives au Plongeon huard, comme les territoires, les domaines vitaux et les influences lac-paysage. Nous avons elabore des modeles multi-echelles ecoregionaux et les avons compares a des modeles tenant compte d’une seule echelle pour evaluer leur performance a distinguer correctement l’habitat de nidification du Plongeon huard. D’apres les criteres de la theorie de l’information, les observations empiriques soutiennent les modeles multi-echelles tout comme les modeles a une seule echelle, dans les trois ecoregions, resultat qui justifie une approche fondee sur la moyenne des modeles. Nos resultats U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, SRA International Inc., The Loon Preservation Committee, BioDiversity Research Institute, University of Rhode Island Department of Natural Resources Coastal Institute in Kingston Avian Conservation and Ecology 6(1): 4 http://www.ace-eco.org/vol6/iss1/art4/ laissent croire qu’au moment de selectionner son site de nidification, le Plongeon huard reagit tout autant aux facteurs ecologiques qu’aux facteurs anthropiques, a differentes echelles. Il est possible d’utiliser ces modeles multi-echelles pour determiner l’habitat de nidification de predilection des populations de Plongeon huard et pour en prioriser la conservation.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
17126568
Volume :
6
Issue :
1
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Avian Conservation and Ecology
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....b76ed1820c929c6875ec95748b7148c0