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Postmeiotic development of pollen surface layers requires two Arabidopsis ABCG-type transporters
- Source :
- Plant Cell Reports. 35:1863-1873
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2016.
-
Abstract
- Two Arabidopsis ABC transporters, ABCG1 and ABCG16, are expressed in the tapetal layer, specifically after postmeiotic microspore release, and play important roles in pollen surface development. The male gametophytic cells of terrestrial plants, the pollen grains, travel far before fertilization, and thus require strong protective layers, which take the form of a pollen coat and a pollen wall. The protective surface structures are generated by the tapetum, the tissue surrounding the developing gametophytes. Many ABC transporters, including Arabidopsis thaliana ABCG1 and ABCG16, have been shown to play essential roles in the development of such protective layers. However, the details of the mechanism of their function remain to be clarified. In this study, we show that ABCG1 and ABCG16 are localized at the plasma membrane of tapetal cells, specifically after postmeiotic microspore release, and play critical roles in the postmeiotic stages of male gametophyte development. Consistent with this stage-specific expression, the abcg1 abcg16 double knockout mutant exhibited defects in pollen development after postmeiotic microspore release; their microspores lacked intact nexine and intine layers, exhibited defects in pollen mitosis I, displayed ectopic deposits of arabinogalactan proteins, failed to complete cytokinesis, and lacked sperm cells. Interestingly, the double mutant exhibited abnormalities in the internal structures of tapetal cells, too; the storage organelles of tapetal cells, tapetosomes and elaioplasts, were morphologically altered. Thus, this work reveals that the lack of ABCG1 and ABCG16 at the tapetal cell membrane causes a broad range of defects in pollen, as well as in tapetal cells themselves. Furthermore, these results suggest that normal pollen surface development is necessary for normal development of the pollen cytoplasm.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Arabidopsis
Mitosis
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G
Plant Science
Biology
medicine.disease_cause
Pollen coat
01 natural sciences
03 medical and health sciences
Mucoproteins
Microspore
Cell Wall
Pollen
medicine
Plant Proteins
Genetics
Tapetum
Arabidopsis Proteins
Cell Membrane
Membrane Proteins
food and beverages
General Medicine
biology.organism_classification
Cell biology
Meiosis
030104 developmental biology
Mutation
Elaioplast
Agronomy and Crop Science
Cytokinesis
Pollen wall
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 1432203X and 07217714
- Volume :
- 35
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Plant Cell Reports
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b7397b8c21be309739bf5e73022e3cab