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Use of wastes from the pulp and paper industry for the remediation of soils degraded by mining activities: chemical, biochemical and ecotoxicological effects
- Source :
- Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos), Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC)-FCT-Sociedade da Informação, instacron:RCAAP
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Elsevier, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Fly ash (FA) from biomass combustion and biological sludge (S), both wastes from the pulp and paper industry, were granulated in different proportions (90% FA + 10% S, and 70% FA + 30% S w/w, dry weight basis, dw) and used to recover the functionality of soils affected by mining activities (Aljustrel, Iberian Pyrite Belt), with and without the application of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC). Application doses of both mixtures were 2.5, 5.0 and 10% (w/w, dw). These materials corrected soil acidity to circumneutral values and increased extractable P and K concentrations. A significant increase in soil organic matter (from 0.6 to 0.8–1.5% w/w, dw) and N content (from 0.04 to 0.09–0.12% w/w, dw) was also observed, but only when MSWC was applied. The soil was already heavily contaminated with Cu, Pb and Zn and the application of amendments did not increase their pseudo-total concentrations. The CaCl2 extractable fractions of both Cu and Zn decreased to very low values. The improvement in soil quality, compared to fertilizer only treatment, was further evidenced by the increase in some soil enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase and cellulase), with a better response for the granules with the higher proportion of biological sludge, as well as by the decrease in the soil-water extract toxicity towards different organisms (Daphnia magna, Thamnocephalus platyurus, and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata). Agrostis tenuis germinated and grew during the first month only in the amended pots, but, after that, a considerable phytotoxic effect was evident. This was mainly attributed to salt stress or to some specific ionic toxicity. In conclusion, to establish a long-term plant cover in mining soils amended with biomass ash-based materials, the selection of plants with higher resistance to salinity and/or the stabilization of the amendments, to reduce their soluble salt content, is recommended.
- Subjects :
- Paper
Environmental Engineering
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Environmental remediation
Industrial Waste
Mine contaminated soil
010501 environmental sciences
engineering.material
Soil enzymatic activities
Agrostis
Coal Ash
complex mixtures
01 natural sciences
Mining
Soil
Soil pH
Soil Pollutants
Environmental Chemistry
Biomass
Waste Management and Disposal
Environmental Restoration and Remediation
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Compost
Chemistry
Soil organic matter
fungi
Biological sludge
Pulp and paper industry
Pollution
Soil quality
Biodegradation, Environmental
Phytotoxicity
Soil water
Soil-water extract ecotoxicity
engineering
Fertilizer
Environmental Pollution
Biomass ash
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (Repositórios Cientìficos), Agência para a Sociedade do Conhecimento (UMIC)-FCT-Sociedade da Informação, instacron:RCAAP
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b5d6d5c9faf182232b934fd6da6b17d8