Enrichment of tetracycline residues from honey samples using carrier‐mediated hollow fibre liquid‐phase micro‐extraction and quantification by <scp>LC‐Q‐TOF</scp> / <scp>MS</scp>

BACKGROUND In this study, development and validation of a simple, miniaturised and, environmentally friendly carrier mediated three phase hollow fibre liquid phase micro-extraction (HFLPME) technique was investigated for the enrichment of tetracycline residues in honey samples. The extracts were analyzed using UV/Vis spectrophotometry and the LC-Q-TOF/MS. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of HFLPME such as pH of the donor and acceptor solutions, salt addition, agitation speed and extraction time were optimized. RESULTS The calibration curves showed good linearity, in the range of 1-100 μg kg-1 with correlation coefficients ranging between 0.9943 and 0.9992, under the optimized conditions. Recoveries of blank honey samples at three spiking levels (1, 10 and 20 μg kg-1 ) ranged from 81.2% to 107.5%. RSDs for the precision of the method were less than 15.0%. LODs and LOQs were in the ranges of 0.0861 to 0.2628 μg kg-1 and 0.2610 to 0.7964 μg kg-1 , respectively. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied in the extraction of five tetracyclines from honey samples. Doxycycline residue detected in one of the commercial honey samples was below the limit of quantification. CONCLUSION Due to the advantages offered by HFLPME, this method can be employed as an alternative to conventional extraction techniques for the clean-up and pre-concentration of antibiotics in complex matrices including food samples. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.