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Diverse developmental toxicity of di-n-butyl phthalate in both sexes of rat offspring after maternal exposure during the period from late gestation through lactation
- Source :
- Toxicology. 203(1-3)
- Publication Year :
- 2004
-
Abstract
- To evaluate developmental toxicity of di- n -butyl phthalate (DBP) with exposure during the period from late gestation to following lactation, maternal rats were given DBP at dietary concentrations of 0, 20, 200, 2000 and 10,000 ppm from gestational day 15 to postnatal day (PND) 21. At 10,000 ppm, male offspring showed a decreased neonatal anogenital distance and retention of nipples (PND 14), while females showed a slight non-significant delay in the onset of puberty. At PND 21, reduction of testicular spermatocyte development was evident from 20 ppm, as well as mammary gland changes at low incidence in both sexes. At this time point, population changes of pituitary hormone-immunoreactive cells were observed at 10,000 ppm with a similar pattern of increase in the percentages of luteinizing hormone (LH)-positive and decrease in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin producing cells in both sexes, effects also being evident on FSH from 200 ppm and LH from 2000 ppm in females. During postnatal week (PNW) 8–11, marginal increase of the number of cases with extended diestrus was found at 10,000 ppm. At adult stage necropsy, testicular lesions appeared to be very faint in most cases, but degeneration and atrophy of mammary gland alveoli were observed in males from 20 ppm. Although without clear monotonic dose-dependence, relative pituitary weights were increased with the intermediate doses in males at PNW 11. In females, relative pituitary weights were decreased after 10,000 ppm at PNW 11, and from 200 ppm at PNW 20. The proportion of FSH-positive cells in the pituitaries at PNW 11 was increased in both sexes at 10,000 ppm. Thus, developmental exposure to DBP affected female sexual development involving pituitary function, while in males testicular toxicity was mostly reversible but mammary gland toxicity was persistent at a dose level as low as 20 ppm.
- Subjects :
- Male
endocrine system
medicine.medical_specialty
Pituitary gland
Sex Differentiation
Offspring
Developmental toxicity
Estrous Cycle
Gestational Age
Growth
Biology
Toxicology
Mammary Glands, Animal
Pregnancy
Internal medicine
Lactation
Endocrine Glands
medicine
Animals
Genitalia
Sexual Maturation
Gonadal Steroid Hormones
Estrous cycle
Sex Characteristics
Anogenital distance
Body Weight
Organ Size
Immunohistochemistry
Prolactin
Dibutyl Phthalate
Diet
Rats
Pituitary Hormones
medicine.anatomical_structure
Endocrinology
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Female
Luteinizing hormone
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 0300483X
- Volume :
- 203
- Issue :
- 1-3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Toxicology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b54a93b9b0478db5a23b1deae9a38b7e