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The quality of cortical network function recovery depends on localization and degree of axonal demyelination
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Myelin loss is a severe pathological hallmark common to a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Demyelination in the central nervous system appears in the form of lesions affecting both white and gray matter structures. The functional consequences of demyelination on neuronal network and brain function are not well understood. Current therapeutic strategies for ameliorating the course of such diseases usually focus on promoting remyelination, but the effectiveness of these approaches strongly depends on the timing in relation to the disease state. In this study, we sought to characterize the time course of sensory and behavioral alterations induced by de- and remyelination to establish a rational for the use of remyelination strategies. By taking advantage of animal models of general and focal demyelination, we tested the consequences of myelin loss on the functionality of the auditory thalamocortical system: a well-studied neuronal network consisting of both white and gray matter regions. We found that general demyelination was associated with a permanent loss of the tonotopic cortical organization in vivo, and the inability to induce tone-frequency-dependent conditioned behaviors, a status persisting after remyelination. Targeted, focal lysolecithin-induced lesions in the white matter fiber tract, but not in the gray matter regions of cortex, were fully reversible at the morphological, functional and behavioral level. These findings indicate that remyelination of white and gray matter lesions have a different functional regeneration potential, with the white matter being able to regain full functionality while cortical gray matter lesions suffer from permanently altered network function. Therefore therapeutic interventions aiming for remyelination have to consider both region- and time-dependent strategies.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Pathology
medicine.medical_specialty
Immunology
Central nervous system
Sensation
Medizin
Sensory system
Biology
Adaptive Immunity
White matter
03 medical and health sciences
Behavioral Neuroscience
Cuprizone
Mice
0302 clinical medicine
White matter lesion
medicine
Biological neural network
Animals
Remyelination
Gray Matter
Pathological
Myelin Sheath
Cerebral Cortex
Behavior, Animal
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Multiple sclerosis
Lysophosphatidylcholines
Thalamocortical system
Recovery of Function
medicine.disease
White Matter
Electrodes, Implanted
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Gray matter lesion
030104 developmental biology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Demyelination
Tonotopy
Nerve Net
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Demyelinating Diseases
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b547d6cc84726ea77ecb34e92f11e522