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Shipping and Air Quality in Italian Port Cities: State-of-the-Art Analysis of Available Results of Estimated Impacts
- Source :
- Atmosphere (Basel) 12 (2021): 536. doi:10.3390/atmos12050536, info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Eva Merico, Daniela Cesari, Elena Gregoris, Andrea Gambaro, Marco Cordella, Daniele Contini/titolo:Shipping and air quality in italian port cities: State-of-the-art analysis of available results of estimated impacts/doi:10.3390%2Fatmos12050536/rivista:Atmosphere (Basel)/anno:2021/pagina_da:536/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:536/volume:12, Atmosphere, Vol 12, Iss 536, p 536 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Populated coastal areas are exposed to emissions from harbour-related activities (ship traffic, loading/unloading, and internal vehicular traffic), posing public health issues and environmental pressures on climate. Due to the strategic geographical position of Italy and the high number of ports along coastlines, an increasing concern about maritime emissions from Italian harbours has been made explicit in the EU and IMO (International Maritime Organization, London, UK) agenda, also supporting the inclusion in a potential Mediterranean emission control area (MedECA). This work reviews the main available outcomes concerning shipping (and harbours’) contributions to local air quality, particularly in terms of concentration of particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants (mainly nitrogen and sulphur oxides), in the main Italian hubs. Maritime emissions from literature and disaggregated emission inventories are discussed. Furthermore, estimated impacts to air quality, obtained with dispersion and receptor modeling approaches, which are the most commonly applied methodologies, are discussed. Results show a certain variability that suggests the necessity of harmonization among methods and input data in order to compare results. The analysis gives a picture of the effects of this pollution source, which could be useful for implementing effective mitigation strategies at a national level.
- Subjects :
- Pollution
Atmospheric Science
harbour air quality
maritime transport
shipping impact
particulate matter
gaseous pollutants
shipping emissions
source apportionment
dispersion models
low-sulphur fuel
ECA
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
media_common.quotation_subject
Harmonization
010501 environmental sciences
Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
01 natural sciences
Meteorology. Climatology
Settore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analitica
Air quality index
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
media_common
business.industry
Environmental resource management
Particulates
Port (computer networking)
Work (electrical)
Control area
Environmental science
Position (finance)
QC851-999
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Atmosphere (Basel) 12 (2021): 536. doi:10.3390/atmos12050536, info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Eva Merico, Daniela Cesari, Elena Gregoris, Andrea Gambaro, Marco Cordella, Daniele Contini/titolo:Shipping and air quality in italian port cities: State-of-the-art analysis of available results of estimated impacts/doi:10.3390%2Fatmos12050536/rivista:Atmosphere (Basel)/anno:2021/pagina_da:536/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:536/volume:12, Atmosphere, Vol 12, Iss 536, p 536 (2021)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b4980e126437ff8203dc883a83997229