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Shipping and Air Quality in Italian Port Cities: State-of-the-Art Analysis of Available Results of Estimated Impacts

Authors :
Andrea Gambaro
Daniele Contini
Daniela Cesari
Elena Gregoris
Marco Cordella
Eva Merico
Source :
Atmosphere (Basel) 12 (2021): 536. doi:10.3390/atmos12050536, info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Eva Merico, Daniela Cesari, Elena Gregoris, Andrea Gambaro, Marco Cordella, Daniele Contini/titolo:Shipping and air quality in italian port cities: State-of-the-art analysis of available results of estimated impacts/doi:10.3390%2Fatmos12050536/rivista:Atmosphere (Basel)/anno:2021/pagina_da:536/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:536/volume:12, Atmosphere, Vol 12, Iss 536, p 536 (2021)
Publication Year :
2021

Abstract

Populated coastal areas are exposed to emissions from harbour-related activities (ship traffic, loading/unloading, and internal vehicular traffic), posing public health issues and environmental pressures on climate. Due to the strategic geographical position of Italy and the high number of ports along coastlines, an increasing concern about maritime emissions from Italian harbours has been made explicit in the EU and IMO (International Maritime Organization, London, UK) agenda, also supporting the inclusion in a potential Mediterranean emission control area (MedECA). This work reviews the main available outcomes concerning shipping (and harbours’) contributions to local air quality, particularly in terms of concentration of particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants (mainly nitrogen and sulphur oxides), in the main Italian hubs. Maritime emissions from literature and disaggregated emission inventories are discussed. Furthermore, estimated impacts to air quality, obtained with dispersion and receptor modeling approaches, which are the most commonly applied methodologies, are discussed. Results show a certain variability that suggests the necessity of harmonization among methods and input data in order to compare results. The analysis gives a picture of the effects of this pollution source, which could be useful for implementing effective mitigation strategies at a national level.

Details

Language :
English
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Atmosphere (Basel) 12 (2021): 536. doi:10.3390/atmos12050536, info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Eva Merico, Daniela Cesari, Elena Gregoris, Andrea Gambaro, Marco Cordella, Daniele Contini/titolo:Shipping and air quality in italian port cities: State-of-the-art analysis of available results of estimated impacts/doi:10.3390%2Fatmos12050536/rivista:Atmosphere (Basel)/anno:2021/pagina_da:536/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:536/volume:12, Atmosphere, Vol 12, Iss 536, p 536 (2021)
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....b4980e126437ff8203dc883a83997229