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The Damage Caused by Decline Disease in Bayberry Plants through Changes in Soil Properties, Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structure and Metabolites
- Source :
- Plants, Volume 10, Issue 10, Plants, Vol 10, Iss 2083, p 2083 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Decline disease causes serious damage and rapid death in bayberry, an important fruit tree in south China, but the cause of this disease remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate soil quality, microbial community structure and metabolites of rhizosphere soil samples from healthy and diseased trees. The results revealed a significant difference between healthy and diseased bayberry in soil properties, microbial community structure and metabolites. Indeed, the decline disease caused a 78.24% and 78.98% increase in Rhizomicrobium and Cladophialophora, but a 28.60%, 57.18%, 38.84% and 68.25% reduction in Acidothermus, Mortierella, Trichoderma and Geminibasidium, respectively, compared with healthy trees, based on 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing of soil microflora. Furthermore, redundancy discriminant analysis of microbial communities and soil properties indicated that the main variables of bacterial and fungal communities included pH, organic matter, magnesium, available phosphorus, nitrogen and calcium, which exhibited a greater influence in bacterial communities than in fungal communities. In addition, there was a high correlation between the changes in microbial community structure and secondary metabolites. Indeed, GC–MS metabolomics analysis showed that the healthy and diseased samples differed over six metabolic pathways, including thiamine metabolism, phenylalanine–tyrosine–tryptophan biosynthesis, valine–leucine–isoleucine biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism, where the diseased samples showed a 234.67% and 1007.80% increase in palatinitol and cytidine, respectively, and a 17.37–8.74% reduction in the other 40 metabolites compared to the healthy samples. Overall, these results revealed significant changes caused by decline disease in the chemical properties, microbiota and secondary metabolites of the rhizosphere soils, which provide new insights for understanding the cause of this bayberry disease.
- Subjects :
- chemistry.chemical_classification
Rhizosphere
Ecology
secondary metabolites
Botany
bayberry
Plant Science
Biology
biology.organism_classification
decline disease
Soil quality
Article
Metabolic pathway
Metabolomics
chemistry
Microbial population biology
QK1-989
soil properties
Organic matter
Food science
microbial community
Mortierella
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Fruit tree
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 22237747
- Volume :
- 10
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Plants
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....b2a0ae126753737023e3ed811744baf1