Slope Unit Maker (SUMak): an efficient and parameter-free algorithm for delineating slope units to improve landslide susceptibility modeling

Slope units are terrain partitions bounded by drainage and divide lines. They provide several advantages over gridded units in landslide-susceptibility modeling, such as better capturing terrain geometry, improved incorporation of geospatial landslide-occurrence data in different formats (e.g., point and polygon), and better accommodating the varying data accuracy and precision in landslide inventories. However, the use of slope units in regional (> 100 km2) landslide susceptibility studies remains limited due, in part, to prohibitive computational costs and/or poor reproducibility with current delineation methods. We introduce a computationally efficient algorithm for the parameter-free delineation of slope units. The algorithm uses geomorphic scaling laws to define the appropriate scaling of the slope units representative of hillslope processes, avoiding the costly parameter optimization procedures of other slope unit delineation methods. We then demonstrate how slope units enable more robust regional-scale landslide susceptibility maps.