Interactions between plasma copper concentrations and SOD1 gene polymorphism for impaired glucose regulation and type 2 diabetes

Aims To examine the associations of plasma copper concentrations and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) polymorphisms as well as their gene-environment interaction with newly diagnosed impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods We performed a large case-control study in 2520 Chinese Han subjects: 1004 newly diagnosed T2D patients, 512 newly diagnosed IGR patients and 1004 individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Results After multivariable adjustment, the ORs (95% CIs) of T2D across tertiles of plasma copper were 1.00 (reference), 1.85 (95% CI: 1.39, 2.45), and 4.21 (95% CI: 3.20, 5.55) (P-trend
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Highlights • Plasma copper concentrations are positively and significantly associated with IGR as well as T2D. • Compared with the GG genotype of rs2070424, the risk of T2D associated with AG and AA genotypes were higher. • The associations between copper and T2D as well as IGR may be modified by SOD1 rs2070424 polymorphism. • Evaluating the interaction of copper and gene polymorphisms may shed etiologic insight into the copper-diabetes relation.