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ATL9, a RING zinc finger protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity implicated in chitin- and NADPH oxidase-mediated defense responses
- Source :
- PloS one, vol 5, iss 12, PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 12, p e14426 (2010), PLoS One, vol 5, iss 12
- Publication Year :
- 2010
- Publisher :
- eScholarship, University of California, 2010.
-
Abstract
- Pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are signals detected by plants that activate basal defenses. One of these PAMPs is chitin, a carbohydrate present in the cell walls of fungi and in insect exoskeletons. Previous work has shown that chitin treatment of Arabidopsis thaliana induced defense-related genes in the absence of a pathogen and that the response was independent of the salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) signaling pathways. One of these genes is ATL9 ( = ATL2G), which encodes a RING zinc-finger like protein. In the current work we demonstrate that ATL9 has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum. The expression pattern of ATL9 is positively correlated with basal defense responses against Golovinomyces cichoracearum, a biotrophic fungal pathogen. The basal levels of expression and the induction of ATL9 by chitin, in wild type plants, depends on the activity of NADPH oxidases suggesting that chitin-mediated defense response is NADPH oxidase dependent. Although ATL9 expression is not induced by treatment with known defense hormones (SA, JA or ET), full expression in response to chitin is compromised slightly in mutants where ET- or SA-dependent signaling is suppressed. Microarray analysis of the atl9 mutant revealed candidate genes that appear to act downstream of ATL9 in chitin-mediated defenses. These results hint at the complexity of chitin-mediated signaling and the potential interplay between elicitor-mediated signaling, signaling via known defense pathways and the oxidative burst.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Enzymologic
Arabidopsis
lcsh:Medicine
Sequence Homology
Chitin
Endoplasmic Reticulum
01 natural sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Plant defense against herbivory
Arabidopsis thaliana
lcsh:Science
0303 health sciences
Multidisciplinary
NADPH oxidase
biology
Jasmonic acid
Zinc Fingers
Ubiquitin ligase
Amino Acid
Infectious Diseases
Biochemistry
Signal transduction
Salicylic Acid
Research Article
Plant Biology/Plant-Biotic Interactions
Signal Transduction
General Science & Technology
Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
Molecular Sequence Data
Cyclopentanes
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
03 medical and health sciences
Plant Biology/Plant Genetics and Gene Expression
Genetics
Amino Acid Sequence
Oxylipins
Biotechnology/Plant Biotechnology
030304 developmental biology
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Pathogen-associated molecular pattern
lcsh:R
fungi
NADPH Oxidases
Plant
Ethylenes
biology.organism_classification
chemistry
Gene Expression Regulation
Mutation
biology.protein
lcsh:Q
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PloS one, vol 5, iss 12, PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 12, p e14426 (2010), PLoS One, vol 5, iss 12
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....af646c4e6a8acae070e2626bf199e615