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The effect of glycopyrronium and indacaterol, as monotherapy and in combination, on the methacholine dose-response curve of mild asthmatics: a randomized three-way crossover study
- Source :
- Respiratory Research, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017), Respiratory Research
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- BMC, 2017.
-
Abstract
- Background Methacholine dose-response curves illustrate pharmacologic bronchoprotection against methacholine-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and can be used to quantitate changes in airway sensitivity (position), reactivity (slope), and maximal responsiveness following drug administration. Our objective was to determine the influence of single-dose glycopyrronium (long-acting muscarinic antagonist) and indacaterol (ultra-long acting β2 agonist), as monotherapy and in combination, on the methacholine dose-response curve of mild asthmatics and to compare these findings with a non-asthmatic control curve. Methods This was a randomized, double blind, double dummy, three-way crossover study. For asthmatic participants (n = 14), each treatment arm included a baseline methacholine challenge, drug administration, and repeat methacholine challenges at 1, 24, and 48 h. Non-asthmatic control participants (n = 15) underwent a single methacholine challenge and did not receive any study treatment. Methacholine dose-response curves were graphed as the percent fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) for each methacholine concentration administered. Best-fit curves were then generated. Differences in airway reactivity were calculated through linear regression. Changes in airway sensitivity were assessed as the shift in the provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1. Results Compared to baseline, all treatments significantly reduced airway sensitivity to methacholine at 1 h post-dose (indacaterol ~1.5 doubling concentrations; glycopyrronium ~5 doubling concentrations; combination ~5 doubling concentrations). Bronchoprotection at 24 and 48 h remained significant with glycopyrronium and combination therapy only. Airway reactivity was not influenced by indacaterol whereas glycopyrronium significantly reduced airway reactivity at all time-points (p = 0.003-0.027). The combination significantly decreased slope at 1 (p = 0.021) and 24 (p = 0.039) hours only. The non-asthmatic control and 1-h glycopyrronium curves are nearly identical. Only the non-asthmatic control and 1-h post-combination therapy curves appeared to generate a true response plateau (three data points within 5%), which occurred at a 14% fall in FEV1. Conclusions Methacholine dose-response curves differentiate the bronchoprotective mechanisms triggered by different classes of asthma medications. Assessment of bronchoprotection using methacholine dose-response curves may be useful during clinical development of respiratory medications when performing superiority, equivalence, or non-inferiority trials. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02953041). Retrospectively registered on October 24th 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-017-0628-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Subjects :
- Male
Time Factors
Vital Capacity
Quinolones
Severity of Illness Index
Bronchoconstrictor Agents
0302 clinical medicine
Forced Expiratory Volume
030212 general & internal medicine
Lung
Methacholine Chloride
Cross-Over Studies
Middle Aged
Saskatchewan
Bronchodilator Agents
Drug Combinations
Treatment Outcome
Anesthesia
Indans
Female
medicine.drug
Adult
Adolescent
Combination therapy
Muscarinic Antagonists
Bronchial Provocation Tests
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Double-Blind Method
Severity of illness
medicine
Humans
Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists
Aged
Asthma
lcsh:RC705-779
business.industry
Research
Muscarinic antagonist
lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system
medicine.disease
Glycopyrrolate
Crossover study
Long-acting muscarinic antagonist
030228 respiratory system
Indacaterol
Methacholine
Ultra-long acting β2 agonist
Airway
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Volume :
- 18
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Respiratory Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....af06943361cb6747fe53d427475d7c6c