Use of different attentional strategies by pigeons and humans in multidimensional visual search

To study comparative attentional allocation strategies, pigeons and humans were tested using simultaneously available discrimination tasks. Given visual search displays containing 32 items from two orthogonal dimensions, participants were reinforced for selecting the eight brightest (or darkest) of 16 brightness items and the eight most vertical (or horizontal) of 16 orientation items. Consistent with a sequential dimensional strategy, humans preferentially chose items from one dimension before switching to the other to complete the search. In contrast, the pigeons did not preferentially stay within one dimension over consecutive choices. Instead, they chose the items most likely to yield reward based on item discriminability. Computational models that incorporated a "dimensional staying" factor accounted best for the human data, while simulations using only discriminability reproduced the pigeons' data. These results suggest that humans are sensitive to the benefits of attentional staying and the costs of switching between dimensional tasks, while there was no evidence that these factors influenced the pigeons' choice behavior. These findings suggest fundamental differences in how pigeons and humans allocate attention in complex choice situations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).