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Imported endemic mycoses in Spain: Evolution of hospitalized cases, clinical characteristics and correlation with migratory movements, 1997-2014
- Source :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 12, Iss 2, p e0006245 (2018), Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2018.
-
Abstract
- Endemic mycoses are systemic fungal infections. Histoplasmosis is endemic in all temperate areas of the world; coccidioidomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis are only present in the American continent. These pathogens are not present in Spain, but in the last years there has been an increase of reported cases due to migration and temporary movements. We obtained from the Spanish hospitals records clinical and demographic data of all hospitalized cases between 1997 and 2014. There were 286 cases of histoplasmosis, 94 of Coccidioidomycosis and 25 of paracoccidioidomycosis. Overall, histoplasmosis was strongly related to HIV infection, as well as with greater morbidity and mortality. For the other mycoses, we did not find any immunosuppressive condition in most of the cases. Although we were not able to obtain data about clinical presentation of all the cases, the most frequently found was pulmonary involvement. We also found a temporal correlation between the Spanish population born in endemic countries and the number of hospitalized cases along this period. This study reflects the importance of imported diseases in non-endemic countries due to migratory movements.<br />Author summary Histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis are infections produced by environmental fungi. Despite the fact that these pathogens are not found in Spain, these diseases are an important health problem in many countries of the world, especially in Latin America. Due to the increased migration from these countries in Spain in the last years, we have observed a rise in the number of new reported cases of these diseases. Nevertheless, they probably remain underestimated since it is likely that physicians do not initially suspect them, and their notification is not mandatory. People who travel to endemic countries are at risk to become infected as well. In this article we used data from the Spanish hospitals records with the aim to describe the main clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these endemic mycoses in Spain, and try to find a correlation between the growing Spanish population at risk and the number of cases hospitalized. This study contributes to have a more accurate knowledge about the burden of these diseases in Spain.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
Endemic Diseases
Prevalence
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
medicine.disease_cause
Geographical locations
Medical Records
0302 clinical medicine
Communicable Diseases, Imported
Epidemiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Histoplasmosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Mortality rate
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Fungal Diseases
Emigration and Immigration
Middle Aged
Europe
Hospitalization
Infectious Diseases
Female
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
HIV infections
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Evolutionary Immunology
lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Death Rates
lcsh:RC955-962
030106 microbiology
030231 tropical medicine
Viral diseases
03 medical and health sciences
Population Metrics
medicine
Humans
European Union
Retrospective Studies
Evolutionary Biology
Population Biology
Lung Diseases, Fungal
business.industry
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Biology and Life Sciences
lcsh:RA1-1270
Temporal correlation
Tropical Diseases
medicine.disease
Spanish population
Mycoses
Spain
People and places
business
Demography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19352735 and 19352727
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....adcd5ba053af32253e458dc13f91c5bf