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Review of nutrient actions on age-related macular degeneration
- Source :
- Nutrition Research. 34:95-105
- Publication Year :
- 2014
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2014.
-
Abstract
- The actions of nutrients and related compounds on age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are explained in this review. The findings from 80 studies published since 2003 on the association between diet and supplements in AMD were reviewed. Antioxidants and other nutrients with an effect on AMD susceptibility include carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin, β-carotene), vitamins (vitamin A, E, C, D, B), mineral supplements (zinc, copper, selenium), dietary fatty acids [monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA both omega-3 PUFA and omega-6 PUFA), saturated fatty acids and cholesterol], and dietary carbohydrates. The literature revealed that many of these antioxidants and nutrients exert a protective role by functioning synergistically. Specifically, the use of dietary supplements with targeted actions can provide minimal benefits on the onset or progression of AMD; however, this does not appear to be particularly beneficial in healthy people. Furthermore, some supplements or nutrients have demonstrated discordant effects on AMD in some studies. Since intake of dietary supplements, as well as exposure to damaging environmental factors, is largely dependent on population habits (including dietary practices) and geographical localization, an overall healthy diet appears to be the best strategy in reducing the risk of developing AMD. As of now, the precise mechanism of action of certain nutrients in AMD prevention remains unclear. Thus, future studies are required to examine the effects that nutrients have on AMD and to determine which factors are most strongly correlated with reducing the risk of AMD or preventing its progression.
- Subjects :
- high-density lipoproteins
eicosapentaenoic acid
genetic structures
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
AMD
Antioxidants
Macular Degeneration
chemistry.chemical_compound
Endocrinology
Nutrient
monounsaturated fatty acid
odds ratio
macular pigment optical density
reactive oxygen species
chemistry.chemical_classification
education.field_of_study
Nutrition and Dietetics
saturated fatty acid
Fatty Acids
ROS
OR
Vitamins
docosahexaenoic acid
Eicosapentaenoic acid
DHA
relative risk
Docosahexaenoic acid
Dietary Reference Intake
Saturated fatty acid
MPOD
RPE
dietary reference intake
Polyunsaturated fatty acid
Vitamin
SFA
medicine.medical_specialty
HDL
antioxidants
age-related macular degeneration
disease susceptibility
nutrients
retinal pigmented epithelium
LDL
MUFA
low-density lipoproteins
nutrition surveys
DRI
RR
EPA
food habits
Population
Biology
Internal medicine
Dietary Carbohydrates
medicine
Humans
education
Dietary Fats
eye diseases
Diet
Trace Elements
Settore MED/03 - Genetica Medica
chemistry
Dietary Supplements
sense organs
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 02715317
- Volume :
- 34
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nutrition Research
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ada5920d593ee53cc871b13481431721