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Effects of Carrageenans on Biological Properties of Echinochrome

Authors :: Natalya P Mishchenko
Anna O. Kravchenko
Victoria N. Davydova
Ekaterina V. Sokolova
N. I. Menzorova
Alexandra S. Kuzmich
Irina M. Yermak
Source :: Marine Drugs, Vol 16, Iss 11, p 419 (2018), Marine Drugs, Volume 16, Issue 11
Publication Year :: 2018
Publisher :: MDPI AG, 2018.
Abstract: Sea urchin pigment echinochrome A (Ech), a water-insoluble compound, is the active substance in the cardioprotective and antioxidant drug Histochrome&reg (PIBOC FEB RAS, Moscow, Russia). It has been established that Ech dissolves in aqueous solutions of carrageenans (CRGs). Herein, we describe the effects of different types of CRGs on some properties of Ech. Our results showed that CRGs significantly decreased the spermotoxicity of Ech, against the sea urchin S. intermedius sperm. Ech, as well as its complex with CRG, did not affect the division and development of early embryos of the sea urchin. Ech reduced reactive oxygen species production (ROS) in neutrophils, caused by CRG. The obtained complexes of these substances with pro- and anti-activating ROS formation properties illustrate the possibility of modulating the ROS induction, using these compounds. The CRGs stimulate the induction of anti-inflammatory IL-10 synthesis, whereas Ech inhibits this synthesis and increases the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF&alpha The inclusion of Ech, in the complex with the CRGs, decreases Ech&rsquo s ability to induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF&alpha and increases the induction of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Thus, CRGs modify the action of Ech, by decreasing its pro-inflammatory effect. Whereas, the Ech&rsquo s protective action towards human epithelial HT-29 cells remains to be unaltered in the complex, with &kappa /&beta CRG, under stress conditions.