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Serotonin toxicity: a short review of the literature and two case reports involving Citalopram

Authors :
Giuseppe Bruno
Giuseppe Tosto
E. Piacentini
Marco Canevelli
Gian Luigi Lenzi
Sara Pietracupa
Giuseppina Talarico
Source :
Neurological Sciences. 32:507-509
Publication Year :
2011
Publisher :
Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2011.

Abstract

The serotonin toxicity (ST) is a potentially life-threatening adverse drug reaction results from therapeutic drug use, intentional self-poisoning, or inadvertent interactions between drugs. ST can be caused by a single or a combination of drugs with serotonergic activity due to excessive serotonergic agonism on central nervous system and peripheral serotonergic receptors (monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, SSRIs, opiate analgesics, over-the-counter cough medicines, antibiotics, weight-reduction agents, antiemetics, antimigraine agents, drugs of abuse, H2-antagonist and herbal products). The serotonin toxicity is often described as a clinical triad of mental-status changes (agitation and excitement with confusion), autonomic hyperactivity (diaphoresis, fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea), neuromuscular abnormalities (tremor, clonus, myoclonus, and hyperreflexia) and, in the advanced stage, spasticity; not all of these findings are consistently present. In this article, we describe two cases of ST due to interaction between Citalopram and two CYP2D6 inhibitors: Cimetidine and Topiramate and their clinical resolution after treatment discontinuation.

Details

ISSN :
15903478 and 15901874
Volume :
32
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Neurological Sciences
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....aceea6c67d1f60470be539a17640accf
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-011-0546-z