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Molecular Mechanisms of Anesthetic Neurotoxicity: A Review of the Current Literature
- Source :
- Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology. 28:361-372
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2016.
-
Abstract
- Data from epidemiologic studies and animal models have raised a concern that exposure to anesthetic agents during early postnatal life may cause lasting impairments in cognitive function. It is hypothesized that this is due to disruptions in brain development, but the mechanism underlying this toxic effect remains unknown. Ongoing research, particularly in rodents, has begun to address this question. In this review we examine currently postulated molecular mechanisms of anesthetic toxicity in the developing brain, including effects on cell death pathways, growth factor signaling systems, NMDA and GABA receptors, mitochondria, and epigenetic factors. The level of evidence for each putative mechanism is critically evaluated, and we attempt to draw connections between them where it is possible to do so. Although there are many promising avenues of research, at this time no consensus can be reached as to a definitive mechanism of injury.
- Subjects :
- Neurotoxicity Syndrome
Programmed cell death
Brain development
Article
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
030202 anesthesiology
Animals
Humans
Medicine
Epigenetics
Anesthetics
Cell Death
business.industry
Mechanism (biology)
Neurotoxicity
Brain
medicine.disease
Rats
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Mechanism of injury
Anesthetic
Neurotoxicity Syndromes
Surgery
Neurology (clinical)
business
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 08984921
- Volume :
- 28
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Neurosurgical Anesthesiology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....ab64cc1c336416d7741de42afb78a60a