A geometric and mechanical description of the talus and cochlea tibiae in horse and ox

In this study, geometrical and mechanical identification of the talus and cochlea tibiae in horse and ox is presented. The shape of the expressed bones of these animals can be considered as rotational surfaces of planar curves. The model is established based on the bolt-nut mechanism while interpreting the relationship between talus and tibiae, and describing geometrical differences between ox and horse in functional anatomy. The results obtained from the geometric and mechanical data have led to the conclusion that lateral and friction forces applied on talus and cochlea tibiae of the horse are higher than that in ox. For this reason, it can be concluded that horses can stand longer than cattle, consistent with the way of life.