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Impact of extrinsic incubation temperature on natural selection during Zika virus infection of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
- Source :
- PLoS Pathogens, Vol 17, Iss 11, p e1009433 (2021), PLoS Pathogens
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2021.
-
Abstract
- Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) require replication across a wide range of temperatures to perpetuate. While vertebrate hosts tend to maintain temperatures of approximately 37°C—40°C, arthropods are subject to ambient temperatures which can have a daily fluctuation of > 10°C. Temperatures impact vector competence, extrinsic incubation period, and mosquito survival unimodally, with optimal conditions occurring at some intermediate temperature. In addition, the mean and range of daily temperature fluctuations influence arbovirus perpetuation and vector competence. The impact of temperature on arbovirus genetic diversity during systemic mosquito infection, however, is poorly understood. Therefore, we determined how constant extrinsic incubation temperatures of 25°C, 28°C, 32°C, and 35°C control Zika virus (ZIKV) vector competence and population dynamics within Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. We also examined fluctuating temperatures which better mimic field conditions in the tropics. We found that vector competence varied in a unimodal manner for constant temperatures peaking between 28°C and 32°C for both Aedes species. Transmission peaked at 10 days post-infection for Aedes aegypti and 14 days for Aedes albopictus. Conversely, fluctuating temperature decreased vector competence. Using RNA-seq to characterize ZIKV population structure, we identified that temperature alters the selective environment in unexpected ways. During mosquito infection, constant temperatures more often elicited positive selection whereas fluctuating temperatures led to strong purifying selection in both Aedes species. These findings demonstrate that temperature has multiple impacts on ZIKV biology, including major effects on the selective environment within mosquitoes.<br />Author summary Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) have emerged in recent decades due to complex factors that include increases in international travel and trade, the breakdown of public health infrastructure, land use changes, and many others. Climate change also has the potential to shift the geographical ranges of arthropod vectors, consequently increasing the global risk of arbovirus infection. Changing temperatures may alter the virus-host interaction, ultimately resulting in the emergence of new viruses and virus genotypes in new areas. Therefore, we sought to characterize how temperature (both constant and fluctuating) alters the ability of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to transmit Zika virus, and how it influences virus populations within mosquitoes. We found that intermediate temperatures maximize virus transmission compared to more extreme and fluctuating temperatures. Constant temperatures increased positive selection on virus genomes, while fluctuating temperatures strengthened purifying selection. Our studies provide evidence that in addition to altering vector competence, temperature significantly influences natural selection within mosquitoes.
- Subjects :
- Viral Diseases
Physiology
Disease Vectors
Mosquitoes
Zika virus
Body Temperature
Medical Conditions
Aedes
Chlorocebus aethiops
Medicine and Health Sciences
Biology (General)
Incubation
education.field_of_study
biology
Zika Virus Infection
Temperature
Eukaryota
Viral Load
Body Fluids
Insects
Infectious Diseases
Physiological Parameters
Arboviral Infections
Viruses
Anatomy
Research Article
Aedes albopictus
Arthropoda
QH301-705.5
Immunology
Population
Zoology
Aedes aegypti
Mosquito Vectors
Aedes Aegypti
Arbovirus
Microbiology
Virology
medicine
Genetics
Animals
Selection, Genetic
education
Saliva
Molecular Biology
Vero Cells
Evolutionary Biology
Population Biology
fungi
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Zika Virus
RC581-607
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Invertebrates
Viral Replication
Insect Vectors
Species Interactions
Vector (epidemiology)
Parasitology
Genetic Fitness
Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Entomology
Arboviruses
Population Genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15537374 and 15537366
- Volume :
- 17
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS Pathogens
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....aa16a9ec5e6191598aa2168752fe9955