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Acute Post-Traumatic Sleep May Define Vulnerability to a Second Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Chronic neurological impairments can manifest from repetitive traumatic brain injury (rTBI), particularly when subsequent injuries occur before the initial injury completely heals. Herein, we apply post-traumatic sleep as a physiological biomarker of vulnerability, hypothesizing that a second TBI during post-traumatic sleep worsens neurological and histological outcomes compared to one TBI or a second TBI after post-traumatic sleep subsides. Mice received sham or diffuse TBI by midline fluid percussion injury; brain-injured mice received one TBI or rTBIs at 3- or 9-h intervals. Over 40 h post-injury, injured mice slept more than shams. Functional assessments indicated lower latencies on rotarod and increased Neurological Severity Scores for mice with rTBIs within 3 h. Anxiety-like behaviors in the open field task were increased for mice with rTBIs at 3 h. Based on pixel density of silver accumulation, neuropathology was greater at 28 days post-injury (DPI) in rTBI groups than sham and single TBI. Cortical microglia morphology was quantified and mice receiving rTBI were de-ramified at 14 DPI compared to shams and mice receiving a single TBI, suggesting robust microglial response in rTBI groups. Orexin-A-positive cells were sustained in the lateral hypothalamus with no loss detected, indicating that loss of wake-promoting neurons did not contribute to post-traumatic sleep. Thus, duration of post-traumatic sleep is a period of vulnerability that results in exacerbated injury from rTBI. Monitoring individual post-traumatic sleep is a potential clinical tool for personalized TBI management, where regular sleep patterns may inform rehabilitative strategies and return-to-activity guidelines.
- Subjects :
- Male
030506 rehabilitation
medicine.medical_specialty
Time Factors
Traumatic brain injury
Vulnerability
Inflammation
03 medical and health sciences
Mice
0302 clinical medicine
Physical medicine and rehabilitation
Concussion
Brain Injuries, Traumatic
medicine
Animals
business.industry
food and beverages
Original Articles
medicine.disease
Sleep in non-human animals
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Neurology (clinical)
medicine.symptom
0305 other medical science
business
Sleep
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a8b77517d153e4ff2ad2c4f5d553e1f3