Chemical looping mechanisms for sequestration of greenhouse gases for biofuel and biomaterials

In the last few years, greenhouse gases (GHGs) have accumulated in the atmosphere at an alarming rate due to frequent industrial and manufacturing activities. As a result, global warming is being aggravated and hugely undermining the sustainable development of many societies. Technologies to mitigate climate change have spurred in recent years. In this chapter, the sequestration processes of GHGs are reviewed, in which the postcombustion capture and chemical looping systems are highlighted. The captured GHGs exhibit great potential for conversion into bioproducts with high market/economic value. The chemistry of GHG mitigation is also discussed along with the role of inorganic compounds and metals in mitigating GHG emissions. The importance of naturally occurring, low-cost materials and nanomaterials for reducing GHG emissions was elaborated. Besides, the model developed for GHG mitigation is presented. Future work on GHG mitigation is discussed in detail as well as possible current challenges such as economic analysis.