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Analysis and Radiometric Calibration for Backscatter Intensity of Hyperspectral LiDAR Caused by Incident Angle Effect
- Source :
- Sensors, Volume 21, Issue 9, Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 2960, p 2960 (2021), Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Hyperspectral LiDAR (HSL) is a new remote sensing detection method with high spatial and spectral information detection ability. In the process of laser scanning, the laser echo intensity is affected by many factors. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate the backscatter intensity data of HSL. Laser incidence angle is one of the important factors that affect the backscatter intensity of the target. This paper studied the radiometric calibration method of incidence angle effect for HSL. The reflectance of natural surfaces can be simulated as a combination of specular reflection and diffuse reflection. The linear combination of the Lambertian model and Beckmann model provides a comprehensive theory that can be applied to various surface conditions, from glossy to rough surfaces. Therefore, an adaptive threshold radiometric calibration method (Lambertian-Beckmann model) is proposed to solve the problem caused by the incident angle effect. The relationship between backscatter intensity and incident angle of HSL is studied by combining theory with experiments, and the model successfully quantifies the difference between diffuse and specular reflectance coefficients. Compared with the Lambertian model, the proposed model has higher calibration accuracy, and the average improvement rate to the samples in this study was 22.67%. Compared with the results before calibration with the incidence angle of less than 70 degrees, the average improvement rate of the Lambertian-Beckmann model was 62.26%. Moreover, we also found that the green leaves have an obvious specular reflection effect near 650-720 nm, which might be related to the inner microstructure of chlorophyll. The Lambertian-Beckmann model was more helpful to the calibration of leaves in the visible wavelength range. This is a meaningful and a breakthrough exploration for HSL.
- Subjects :
- Materials science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
Backscatter
Laser scanning
incidence angle
215 Chemical engineering
0211 other engineering and technologies
02 engineering and technology
TP1-1185
Hyperspectral LiDAR (HSL)
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Article
Analytical Chemistry
Lambertian–Beckmann model
Optics
LEAVES
Calibration
Specular reflection
backscatter intensity
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Lambertian–
Beckmann model
Instrumentation
Radiometric calibration
021101 geological & geomatics engineering
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
business.industry
Chemical technology
radiometric calibration
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
REFLECTANCE
MODEL
Lidar
Diffuse reflection
business
SYSTEM
Intensity (heat transfer)
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14248220
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Sensors
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a81c6ee3b207ebdf1fec731688ba0e0e
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/s21092960