Stereotactic Aspiration of Necrotic Brain Tissue for Treating Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction: A Report of 13 Consecutive Cases

Background This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue for treating malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI) in patients older than 60 years of age. Case Description A total of 13 consecutive patients with MMI (mean age, 67 ± 6.62 years) were enrolled in the study. These patients were treated with stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue within 72 hours from stroke onset between January 2016 and June 2017. The surgical results and clinical outcomes were evaluated in response to stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue. The mean preoperative infarction volume in the patients was found to be 153.46 ± 9.39 mL according to the latest computed tomography scan. The 30-day mortality was 2 out of 13 patients (15.4%). Patients were followed-up for 6 months to evaluate the efficacy of stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Among the 11 surviving surgical patients, 6 (54.5%) had an mRS score of 3 (defined as moderate disability), 4 (36.4%) had an mRS score of 4 (defined as moderate to severe disability), and 1 (9.1%) had an mRS score of 5 (defined as severe disability). The probability of 6-month unfavorable outcome, defined as an mRS score of 5 or 6 (death), was 3 out of 13 (23.1%). Conclusions Our results suggest the stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue is an effective and safe method in patients with MMI who are over 60 years of age.