Virtual Reality Simulator Use Stimulates Medical Students’ Interest in Orthopaedic Surgery

Purpose To investigate whether the use of a VR arthroscopic simulator can influence medical students’ attitudes toward a career in orthopaedic surgery. Methods Twenty-five medical students completed seven unsupervised sessions on a VR hip-arthroscopic simulator. All participants completed a pre-simulator and post-simulator pseudo-anonymized questionnaire consisting of 10 questions: six 10-point Likert scale questions addressing their interest in orthopaedics, surgery, and arthroscopy; and four 5-point Likert scale questions addressing their attitudes toward simulation. Prepaired and postpaired datasets were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results Interest in both orthopaedics and surgery was found to increase after simulator use (orthopaedics: 5.3 ± .3 to 8.4 ± .2, P = .0001; surgery: 5.8 ± .3 to 9.0 ± .2; P = .0001). It was also found that simulator use increased participants’ interest in arthroscopy (5.4 ± .3 to 8.0 ± .3; P = .0001) and hip-arthroscopy (5.0 ± .3 to 7.6 ± .3; P = .0001). Participants reported they were more likely to attend endoscopic and arthroscopic surgical lists after simulator use (endoscopic: 6.9 ± .3 to 8.4 ± .2; P = .0003; arthroscopic: 5.9 ± .3 to 8.4 ± .2; P = .0001). After using the simulator, participants felt more strongly that VR simulation is a valuable training modality (P = .0025), that simulation should be a mandatory part of orthopaedics and surgical training (P = .0001 and P = .0001), and that access to VR simulators improves the quality of surgical training (P = .0024). Conclusions These results demonstrate that exposure to VR arthroscopic simulation increased medical students’ interest in orthopaedics, surgery, and arthroscopy, without the need for direct supervision. Following VR simulator use, students reported they were more likely to engage with training opportunities, including arthroscopic and endoscopic surgery. Clinical Relevance Understanding factors that stimulate interest in orthopaedic surgery may help programs attract the broadest pool of potential trainees.