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Modeling insulin resistance in rodents by alterations in diet: what have high-fat and high-calorie diets revealed?
- Source :
- American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism. 314(3)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- For over half a century, researchers have been feeding different diets to rodents to examine the effects of macronutrients on whole body and tissue insulin action. During this period, the number of different diets and the source of macronutrients employed have grown dramatically. Because of the large heterogeneity in both the source and percentage of different macronutrients used for studies, it is not surprising that different high-calorie diets do not produce the same changes in insulin action. Despite this, diverse high-calorie diets continue to be employed in an attempt to generate a “generic” insulin resistance. The high-fat diet in particular varies greatly between studies with regard to the source, complexity, and ratio of dietary fat, carbohydrate, and protein. This review examines the range of rodent dietary models and methods for assessing insulin action. In almost all studies reviewed, rodents fed diets that had more than 45% of dietary energy as fat or simple carbohydrates had reduced whole body insulin action compared with chow. However, different high-calorie diets produced significantly different effects in liver, muscle, and whole body insulin action when insulin action was measured by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp method. Rodent dietary models remain an important tool for exploring potential mechanisms of insulin resistance, but more attention needs to be given to the total macronutrient content and composition when interpreting dietary effects on insulin action.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Physiology
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
medicine.medical_treatment
Calorie diets
Rodentia
Biology
Diet, High-Fat
03 medical and health sciences
Insulin resistance
Physiology (medical)
Internal medicine
medicine
High fat
Dietary Carbohydrates
Animals
Humans
Insulin
Diet composition
medicine.disease
Dietary Fats
Diet
Disease Models, Animal
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Insulin Resistance
Whole body
Energy Intake
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15221555
- Volume :
- 314
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a6c804c85614464538c38caee1e5409d