Shaping effectiveness and surface topography of reciprocating files after multiple simulated uses

This in vitro study assessed morphological changes and efficiency of reciprocating files after multiple uses. Sixty standardized Endo Training Blocks and 10 ReciprocR25 files were selected (six blocks for each file). Each file was its own control (before use vs. after each instrumentation). The instruments were used according to the manufacturer's instructions, and scanning electron microscopy was used to observe fatigue cracks, metal strips/metal flash, pitting, fretting, debris, disruption of the cutting edge, and plastic deformations after each instrumentation. The presence of seven wear variables was scored semiquantitatively by viewing micrographs collected before and after use. The prepared areas in resin blocks were calculated and compared by using AutoCAD software. The control group had significantly lower values for all wear variables except fretting and plastic deformation. The presence of fatigue cracks and metal strips/metal flash significantly differed between unused instruments and instruments used four or five times, in all observed sections. The area of instrumented Endo Training Blocks significantly differed in relation to the number of instrument uses. The Reciproc files wore progressively, and repeated use affected their shaping efficiency in simulated canals.