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Comparative Study of Salivary, Duodenal, and Fecal Microbiota Composition Across Adult Celiac Disease
- Source :
- Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 9, Iss 1109, p 1109 (2020), Journal of Clinical Medicine, Volume 9, Issue 4
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Background: Growing evidence suggests that an altered microbiota composition contributes to the pathogenesis and clinical features in celiac disease (CD). We performed a comparative analysis of the gut microbiota in adulthood CD to evaluate whether: (i) dysbiosis anticipates mucosal lesions, (ii) gluten-free diet restores eubiosis, (iii) refractory CD has a peculiar microbial signature, and (iv) salivary and fecal communities overlap the mucosal one. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study where a total of 52 CD patients, including 13 active CD, 29 treated CD, 4 refractory CD, and 6 potential CD, were enrolled in a tertiary center together with 31 controls. A 16S rRNA-based amplicon metagenomics approach was applied to determine the microbiota structure and composition of salivary, duodenal mucosa, and stool samples, followed by appropriate bioinformatic analyses. Results: A reduction of both &alpha<br />and &beta<br />diversity in CD, already evident in the potential form and achieving nadir in refractory CD, was evident. Taxonomically, mucosa displayed a significant abundance of Proteobacteria and an expansion of Neisseria, especially in active patients, while treated celiacs showed an intermediate profile between active disease and controls. The saliva community mirrored the mucosal one better than stool. Conclusion: Expansion of pathobiontic species anticipates villous atrophy and achieves the maximal divergence from controls in refractory CD. Gluten-free diet results in incomplete recovery. The overlapping results between mucosal and salivary samples indicate the use of saliva as a diagnostic fluid.
- Subjects :
- Saliva
lcsh:Medicine
celiac disease
enteropathy
gluten
microbiota
therapy
Gut flora
Article
Pathogenesis
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
medicine
Enteropathy
Villous atrophy
Feces
030304 developmental biology
0303 health sciences
biology
business.industry
lcsh:R
General Medicine
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Immunology
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Neisseria
business
Dysbiosis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20770383
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 1109
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a699e3b74f11b0c34bb90fcf9ff8f3ad