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Bamboo Tar as a Novel Fungicide: Its Chemical Components, Laboratory Evaluation, and Field Efficacy Against False Smut and Sheath Blight of Rice and Powdery Mildew and Fusarium Wilt of Cucumber
- Source :
- Plant Disease. 105:331-338
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Scientific Societies, 2021.
-
Abstract
- The application of agricultural and forest residues can benefit the environment and the economy; however, they also generate a large amount of byproducts. In this study, bamboo tar (BT), a waste product of bamboo charcoal production, was dissolved in natural ethanol and the surfactant alkyl glucoside to manufacture a 50% (wt/wt) BT emulsifiable concentrate (BTEC) biopesticide. BTEC was screened for fungicidal activity against pathogens. The greatest activity was seen against Ustilaginoidea virens with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 6 mg/liter. Four phytopathogenic fungi, Podosphaera xanthii, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Botrytis cinerea, showed EC50 values of 2- or 4-ethylphenol > 2- or 4-methylphenol > phenol > 4-ethylguaiacol > dimethoxyphenol > 4-methylguaiacol > 4-propenyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol > 2,4-dimethylphenol. Some of the phenolic compounds identified from the tar might be fungicidally active components. BT is a biochar waste, which has potential as a biofungicide and has promise in organic agriculture. The value of this tar may not be because of any fundamental physical differences from other synthetic fungicides but rather caused by reduced production expenses and more efficient use of waste products.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Plant Science
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Rhizoctonia
Rhizoctonia solani
Ascomycota
Fusarium
Fusarium oxysporum
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
biology
Basidiomycota
Tar
Ustilaginoidea virens
Oryza
biology.organism_classification
Fusarium wilt
Fungicides, Industrial
Fungicide
Biopesticide
Horticulture
Hypocreales
Botrytis
Cucumis sativus
Laboratories
Agronomy and Crop Science
Powdery mildew
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19437692 and 01912917
- Volume :
- 105
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Plant Disease
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a520d2a62c53220bc26accef58c2f1ff