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A Catalyst Reusability Study in Palm Fatty Acid Distillate and Glycerol Esterification using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis and Reaction Kinetics Approach
- Source :
- ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development, Vol 37, Iss 2, Pp 37–43-37–43 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2020.
-
Abstract
- As a byproduct of the physical refinement of crude palm oil, palm fatty acid distillate or PFAD has a potential to be transformed into monoglycerides by means of irreversible esterification with glycerol over a cation exchange resin catalyst. Irreversibility of the esterification can be assured by continuous azeotropic removal of water by adding xylene as an entrainer. Because PFAD-glycerol esterification demands high temperatures for fast conversion and high selectivity of monoglycerides, it is necessary to test catalyst reusability performance. In this research, evaluation of catalyst reusability performance was based on five parameters: free fatty acid conversion, the rate of free fatty acid decomposition, the selectivity of monoglycerides, monoglyceride concentration, and the cation exchange capacity of the catalyst. The cation exchange resin used was Tulsion T-42 SM. The evaluation was conducted using the simple multi-attribute rating technique extended to ranking (SMARTER) method. The results showed that the optimum reaction temperature was 180°C. Ultimately, a kinetic study at 180°C was also performed to model the reaction after using similar catalysts for certain times. This kinetic study revealed that the reaction mechanism changed from Langmuir-Hinshelwood to Eley-Rideal after several cycles of catalyst reuse.
- Subjects :
- Atmospheric Science
Reaction mechanism
Science (General)
02 engineering and technology
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
010402 general chemistry
Oceanography
01 natural sciences
Catalysis
Chemical kinetics
chemistry.chemical_compound
Q1-390
monoglycerides
Glycerol
heterogeneous esterification
T1-995
Ion-exchange resin
Waste Management and Disposal
Technology (General)
Reactions on surfaces
chemistry.chemical_classification
Fatty acid
Monoglyceride
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
0104 chemical sciences
irreversible esterification
Chemical engineering
chemistry
langmuir-hinshelwood
0210 nano-technology
eley-rideal
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22249028 and 02175460
- Volume :
- 37
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a33918f996deef3d3483f05db54889b4