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Yellow-Cedar, Callitropsis (Chamaecyparis) nootkatensis, Secondary Metabolites, Biological Activities, and Chemical Ecology
- Source :
- Journal of chemical ecology. 44(5)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Yellow-cedar, Callitropsis nootkatensis, is prevalent in coastal forests of southeast Alaska, western Canada, and inland forests along the Cascades to northern California, USA. These trees have few microbial or animal pests, attributable in part to the distinct groups of biologically active secondary metabolites their tissues store for chemical defense. Here we summarize the new yellow-cedar compounds identified and their biological activities, plus new or expanded activities for tissues, extracts, essential oils and previously known compounds since the last review more than 40 years ago. Monoterpene hydrocarbons are the most abundant compounds in foliage, while heartwood contains substantial quantities of oxygenated monoterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes, with one or more tropolones. Diterpenes occur in foliage and bark, whereas condensed tannins have been isolated from inner bark. Biological activities expressed by one or more compounds in these groups include fungicide, bactericide, sporicide, acaricide, insecticide, general cytotoxicity, antioxidant and human anticancer. The diversity of organisms impacted by whole tissues, essential oils, extracts, or individual compounds now encompasses ticks, fleas, termites, ants, mosquitoes, bacteria, a water mold, fungi and browsing animals. Nootkatone, is a heartwood component with sufficient activity against arthropods to warrant research focused toward potential development as a commercial repellent and biopesticide for ticks, mosquitoes and possibly other arthropods that vector human and animal pathogens.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Secondary Metabolism
Biology
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Tropolone
chemistry.chemical_compound
Botany
Nootkatone
Animals
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Disease Resistance
Plant Diseases
Acaricide
Polyphenols
General Medicine
Pesticide
Chemical ecology
Fungicide
010602 entomology
Biopesticide
chemistry
visual_art
Chamaecyparis
visual_art.visual_art_medium
Monoterpenes
Bark
Chemical defense
Diterpenes
Sesquiterpenes
Tannins
010606 plant biology & botany
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15731561
- Volume :
- 44
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of chemical ecology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a2fb2b6143ed8b97469b279ff7b04705