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High dose of plasmid IL-15 inhibits immune responses in an influenza non-human primates immunogenicity model
- Source :
- Virology. 393(1):49-55
- Publication Year :
- 2009
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2009.
-
Abstract
- Interleukin (IL)-15, is a cytokine that is important for the maintenance of long-lasting, high-avidity T cell response to invading pathogens and has, therefore, been used in vaccine and therapeutic platforms as an adjuvant. In addition to pure protein delivery, plasmids encoding the IL-15 gene have been utilized. However, it is critical to determine the appropriate dose to maximize the adjuvanting effects. We immunized rhesus macaques with different doses of IL-15 expressing plasmid in an influenza non-human primate immunogenicity model. We found that co-immunization of rhesus macaques with a Flu DNA-based vaccine and low doses of plasmid encoding macaque IL-15 enhanced the production of IFN-gamma (0.5 mg) and the proliferation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, as well as T(CM) levels in proliferating CD8(+) T cells (0.25 mg). Whereas, high doses of IL-15 (4 mg) decrease the production of IFN-gamma and the proliferation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and T(CM) levels in the proliferating CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. In addition, the data of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer suggest that although not significantly different, there appears to be a slight increase in antibodies at lower doses of IL-15. Importantly, however, the higher doses of IL-15 decrease the antibody levels significantly. This study demonstrates the importance of optimizing DNA-based cytokine adjuvants.
- Subjects :
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
medicine.medical_treatment
Biology
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Antibodies, Viral
Article
03 medical and health sciences
Interferon-gamma
0302 clinical medicine
Immune system
Virology
medicine
Vaccines, DNA
Animals
Humans
030304 developmental biology
Cell Proliferation
Interleukin-15
Vaccines
0303 health sciences
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Immunogenicity
Antibody titer
Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests
Molecular biology
Macaca mulatta
Influenza
3. Good health
Cytokine
IL-15
Interleukin 15
Influenza Vaccines
Immunology
biology.protein
Antibody
Adjuvant
CD8
030215 immunology
Plasmids
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 00426822
- Volume :
- 393
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Virology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a2fa4f0ca9b897b59c40ba3987171474
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2009.07.017