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Comparison of Metabolites Variation and Antiobesity Effects of Fermented versus Nonfermented Mixtures of Cudrania tricuspidata, Lonicera caerulea, and Soybean According to Fermentation In Vitro and In Vivo
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 2, p e0149022 (2016), PLOS ONE(11): 2, PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2016.
-
Abstract
- We used ultra-performance-liquid-chromatography with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry to study the changes in metabolites in the mixture of Cudrania tricuspidata, Lonicera caerulea, and soybean (CLM) during fermentation. Additionally, the antiobesity effects of CLM and fermented-CLM (FCLM) were studied based on the analysis of plasma from high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. The levels of cyanidin and the glycosides of luteolin, quercetin, and cyanidin derived from L. caerulea were decreased, whereas the levels of luteolin and quercetin were increased during fermentation. Isoflavone glycosides and soyasaponins originating from the soybean were decreased, whereas their aglycones such as daidzein, glycitein, and genistein were increased. As for prenylated flavonoids from C. tricuspidata, these metabolites were decreased at the early stage of fermentation, and were increased at end of the fermentation. In terms of the functional food product, various metabolites derived from diverse natural products in CLM had complementary effects and demonstrated higher antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibition activities after fermentation; these activities were closely related to flavonoid aglycones including genistein, daidzein, glycitein, luteolin, and quercetin. In an in vivo experiment, several clinical parameters affected by HFD were improved by the administration of either CLM or FCLM, but there was a difference in the antiobesity effects. The levels of lysoPCs with C20:4, C16:0, and C22:6 were significantly attenuated by CLM administration, while the attenuated levels of lysoPCs with C20:4 and C18:2 were significantly restored by FCLM administration. These metabolites may explain the above-mentioned differences in antiobesity effects. Although only the changes in plasma lysophospholipids could not fully explain antiobesity effects between non-fermented and fermented plant mixtures from our results, we suggest that metabolomics approach could provide a way to reveal the metabolite alterations in the complex fermentation process and understand the differences or changes in bioactivity according to fermentation.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Metabolic Processes
Male
Hydrolases
Physiology
Metabolite
Flavonoid
lcsh:Medicine
Biochemistry
Moraceae
chemistry.chemical_compound
Mice
Metabolites
Medicine and Health Sciences
Lipases
Glycosides
lcsh:Science
chemistry.chemical_classification
Multidisciplinary
Organic Compounds
food and beverages
Agriculture
Animal Models
Isoflavones
Enzymes
Chemistry
Lonicera
Physiological Parameters
Physical Sciences
Quercetin
Research Article
Crops
Mouse Models
Research and Analysis Methods
03 medical and health sciences
Model Organisms
Animals
Obesity
Nutrition
030109 nutrition & dietetics
Daidzein
Body Weight
Organic Chemistry
lcsh:R
Chemical Compounds
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
Glycitein
Dietary Fats
Diet
030104 developmental biology
Metabolism
chemistry
Fermentation
Enzymology
lcsh:Q
Anti-Obesity Agents
Soybeans
Soybean
Luteolin
Crop Science
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 11
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a2c4e5d77231ebf066d3b7aada8b3cd5