Rhipicephalus sanguineus salivary gland extract as a source of immunomodulatory molecules

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:24:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-03-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.), popularly known as ‘brown dog tick’, is the primary vector of pathogens affecting dogs worldwide. To enter the host’s organism, these pathogens utilise the anticoagulant, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions of compounds present in the tick’s saliva; such compounds are released by the ectoparasite in order to attach and feed on dogs. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the regulatory factors in inflammation, apoptosis and immunomodulation. Here, we evaluated the in vitro activity of salivary gland extract of female dog ticks on the macrophage-derived J774 cell line, with and without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Cultures were evaluated for possible morphological alterations caused by exposure to the extract. There was no apparent in vitro cytotoxicity of the extract. Also, the NO secretory response in the non-LPS-stimulated cells was not inhibited. On the other hand, the extract presented modulatory action in the cultures of LPS-stimulated cells at a concentration of 0.1 μg/mL, possibly through macrophage activation, and induced a significant decrease in NO secretion. These results confirm the modulatory potential of bioactive molecules in the salivary glands of R. sanguineus ticks. Department of Biology Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University – UNESP Department of Genetics Evolution and Bioagents Institute of Biology University of Campinas – UNICAMP Department of Biology Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University – UNESP FAPESP: 2014/02843-8 FAPESP: 2015/20745-6 FAPESP: 2018/2999-9 FAPESP: 2019/02831-3 CNPq: 300625/2012-0