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Infectiousness in a Cohort of Brazilian Dogs: Why Culling Fails to Control Visceral Leishmaniasis in Areas of High Transmission
- Source :
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 186:1314-1320
- Publication Year :
- 2002
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2002.
-
Abstract
- The elimination of seropositive dogs in Brazil has been used to control zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis but with little success. To elucidate the reasons for this, the infectiousness of 50 sentinel dogs exposed to natural Leishmania chagasi infection was assessed through time by xenodiagnosis with the sandfly vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis. Eighteen (43%) of 42 infected dogs became infectious after a median of 333 days in the field (105 days after seroconversion). Seven highly infectious dogs (17%) accounted for >80% of sandfly infections. There were positive correlations between infectiousness and anti-Leishmania immunoglobulin G, parasite detection by polymerase chain reaction, and clinical disease (logistic regression, r2=0.08-0.18). The sensitivity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect currently infectious dogs was high (96%) but lower in the latent period (
- Subjects :
- Male
Time Factors
Antigens, Protozoan
Culling
Lymphocyte Activation
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Dogs
Zoonoses
medicine
Animals
Humans
Immunology and Allergy
Dog Diseases
Seroconversion
biology
Zoonosis
Leishmaniasis
Leishmania chagasi
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Insect Vectors
Sandfly
Infectious Diseases
Visceral leishmaniasis
Immunoglobulin G
Immunology
Leishmaniasis, Visceral
Female
Psychodidae
Brazil
Xenodiagnosis
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15376613 and 00221899
- Volume :
- 186
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a16e67e163550c96e99508c48c43340a