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Mucosal vitamin D signaling in inflammatory bowel disease
- Source :
- Autoimmunity reviews. 19(11)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Epidemiological studies have identified vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency to be highly prevalent among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and low serum levels correlate with a higher disease activity and a more complicated disease course. The link to IBD pathogenesis has been subject of investigations, primarily due to the distinct immunological functions of vitamin D signaling, including anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions. Vitamin D is a pleiotropic hormone that executes its actions on cells through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). A leaky gut, i.e. an insufficient intestinal epithelial barrier, is thought to be central for the pathogenesis of IBD, and emerging data support the concept that vitamin D/VDR signaling in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) has an important role in controlling barrier integrity. Here we review the latest evidence on how vitamin D promotes the interplay between IECs, the gut microbiome, and immune cells and thereby regulate the intestinal immune response. On the cellular level, vitamin D signaling regulates tight junctional complexes, apoptosis, and autophagy, leading to increased epithelial barrier integrity, and promotes expression of antimicrobial peptides as part of its immunomodulating functions. Further, intestinal VDR expression is inversely correlated with the severity of inflammation in patients with IBD, which might compromise the positive effects of vitamin D signaling in patients with flaring disease. Efforts to reveal the role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of IBD will pave the road for the invention of more rational treatment strategies of this debilitating disease in the future.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Cell signaling
Immunology
Inflammation
Calcitriol receptor
Inflammatory bowel disease
Tight Junctions
Pathogenesis
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Immune system
Vitamin D and neurology
medicine
Immunology and Allergy
Humans
Intestinal Mucosa
Vitamin D
030203 arthritis & rheumatology
business.industry
medicine.disease
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
030104 developmental biology
medicine.symptom
business
Hormone
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18730183
- Volume :
- 19
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Autoimmunity reviews
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a125ca2741567dc7d2a841e11cf266af