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Congenital Cytomegalovirus infection: advances and challenges in diagnosis, prevention and treatment
- Source :
- Italian Journal of Pediatrics, Italian Journal of Pediatrics, Vol 43, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017)
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent cause of congenital infection worldwide, with an estimated incidence in developed countries of 0.6–0.7% of all live births. The burden of disease related to congenital CMV in substantial, as it is the leading non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss and an important cause of neurodevelopmental disabilities in children. Despite its clinical significance, congenital CMV infection often goes undetected because the majority of infected infants are asymptomatic at birth and screening programs have not been substantially implemented. Other than behavioral measures, effective interventions aimed at the prevention of maternal infection and of mother-to-child transmission are lacking. Due to a convergence of recent advances in both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in infants with congenital CMV, though, the field likely will be changing rapidly over just the next few years. Specifically, a highly-sensitive screening test with high throughput potential has been developed, and treatment of infants symptomatically infected with congenital CMV has proven to be well-tolerated and effective in improving long-term hearing and neurodevelopmental outcomes. This review highlights the clinical importance of congenital CMV infection, the developments in laboratory diagnostics, and the benefits of antiviral therapy. It also identifies the global efforts still required in the prevention of maternal infection and in the optimization of antiviral therapy to further reduce the burden of congenital CMV disease.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Cytomegalovirus Infection
Male
Pediatrics
Cytomegalovirus
Disease
Review
Antiviral therapy
Severity of Illness Index
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
Early Diagnosi
Medicine
030212 general & internal medicine
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
Transmission (medicine)
Incidence
lcsh:RJ1-570
General Medicine
3. Good health
Survival Rate
Cytomegalovirus Infections
Sensorineural hearing loss
Female
medicine.symptom
Neonatal screening
Hearing lo
Human
medicine.medical_specialty
Hearing loss
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Asymptomatic
Antiviral Agents
Risk Assessment
Developing Countrie
03 medical and health sciences
Humans
Clinical significance
Developing Countries
Antiviral Agent
business.industry
Mother-to-child transmission
Infant, Newborn
Cytomegaloviru
Infant
lcsh:Pediatrics
medicine.disease
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
030104 developmental biology
Early Diagnosis
Congenital cytomegalovirus
Congenital cytomegaloviru
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Pregnancy Complications, Infectiou
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 18247288
- Volume :
- 43
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Italian journal of pediatrics
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a124cd973f94dd108cecf5b06a86acde