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Cannabinoid Receptors: An Update on Cell Signaling, Pathophysiological Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities in Neurological, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Diseases
Cannabinoid Receptors: An Update on Cell Signaling, Pathophysiological Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities in Neurological, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Diseases
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 7693, p 7693 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2020.
-
Abstract
- The identification of the human cannabinoid receptors and their roles in health and disease, has been one of the most significant biochemical and pharmacological advancements to have occurred in the past few decades. In spite of the major strides made in furthering endocannabinoid research, therapeutic exploitation of the endocannabinoid system has often been a challenging task. An impaired endocannabinoid tone often manifests as changes in expression and/or functions of type 1 and/or type 2 cannabinoid receptors. It becomes important to understand how alterations in cannabinoid receptor cellular signaling can lead to disruptions in major physiological and biological functions, as they are often associated with the pathogenesis of several neurological, cardiovascular, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases. This review focusses mostly on the pathophysiological roles of type 1 and type 2 cannabinoid receptors, and it attempts to integrate both cellular and physiological functions of the cannabinoid receptors. Apart from an updated review of pre-clinical and clinical studies, the adequacy/inadequacy of cannabinoid-based therapeutics in various pathological conditions is also highlighted. Finally, alternative strategies to modulate endocannabinoid tone, and future directions are also emphasized.
- Subjects :
- Cell signaling
Cannabinoid receptor
immune functions
medicine.medical_treatment
cardiac functions
Disease
Review
metabolic diseases
Catalysis
lcsh:Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
Pathogenesis
medicine
Animals
Humans
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
endocannabinoid system
Receptors, Cannabinoid
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Molecular Biology
Spectroscopy
Inflammation
business.industry
Organic Chemistry
General Medicine
Endocannabinoid system
Pathophysiology
Computer Science Applications
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
Cardiovascular Diseases
Immune System
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Cannabinoid
Nervous System Diseases
business
Neuroscience
neurological diseases
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 21
- Issue :
- 20
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a0cf0333573c111bd4ddfdd86f571e11