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Mixed Polymer-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles as Forward Osmosis Draw Agents of Tuned Hydrophilicity
- Source :
- Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 22(32)
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- We recently reported a polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) draw agent for the forward osmosis (FO) water desalination process. The water flux was found to increase when the polymer poly(sodium acrylate) (PSA) was anchored to the MNP surface as compared to the polymer (or polyelectrolyte solution) alone, due to the polymer chains being stretched out and most of the hydrophilic groups on the polymer contributing to water flux. We herein report the use of a secondary polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) PNIPAM to manipulate the PSA polymer conformation and influence inter- and intrachain interactions to enhance the efficiency of the FO draw agent. These PSA-PNIPAM-coated MNPs generated a much higher water flux of ∼11.66 LMH when compared to the 100 % PSA-coated MNPs featuring a value of ∼5.32 LMH under identical FO conditions. The osmotic pressure and water flux driven by the mixed polymer-coated MNPs were found to be a strong function of the net polymer coverage on MNPs, that is, net available hydrophilic groups. Our new draw agent demonstrates potential for use in the water industry due to its improved efficiency and cost effectiveness as it uses only ∼0.062 % (w/v) of the draw agent solution.
- Subjects :
- chemistry.chemical_classification
Cost effectiveness
Organic Chemistry
Forward osmosis
Nanoparticle
02 engineering and technology
General Chemistry
Polymer
010501 environmental sciences
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
01 natural sciences
Catalysis
Polyelectrolyte
chemistry
Chemical engineering
Polymer chemistry
Magnetic nanoparticles
Osmotic pressure
0210 nano-technology
Water desalination
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15213765
- Volume :
- 22
- Issue :
- 32
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....a0bd1cd2d8dfcb1079bdab6b8915ddbe