Extraordinary automated driving situations : probabilistic analytical modeling of Human-Systems-Integration (HSI) and the role of trust

Automated driving (AD) specifications require that the human driver takes over, if an off-normal situation, such as a possible collision occurs. A critical problem is due in this case to the short time available to the driver to intervene and to take appropriate actions. It has been recently demonstrated, mostly in application to the aerospace domain, how Probabilistic Analytical Modeling (PAM) could effectively complement computer simulations in various Human-System-Integration (HSI) related missions and situations, when the system’s reliability and the human’s performance contribute jointly to the never-zero probability of failure. The convolution model is brought in application to a situation, when an obstacle is suddenly detected in front of the moving vehicle, and the only possible way to avoid collision is by using brakes to decelerate the vehicle. The role and significance of the driver’s trust towards the system are also addressed and briefly discussed.