Drosophila (Sophophora) bakoue Tsacas & Lachaise 1974

Drosophila (Sophophora) bakoue Tsacas & Lachaise, 1974 Fig. 2 Drosophila (Sophophora) bakoue Tsacas & Lachaise, 1974: 197. Diagnosis Male with sex combs on the two first tarsomeres of the foreleg and completely yellow abdominal tergites; surstylus without dorsal tooth-like protuberance. Type material Holotype IVORY COAST ��� ♂; Lamto; 6��13��� N, 5��02��� W; 22 Dec. 1970; D. Lachaise leg.; MNHN. Distribution Ivory Coast (type), Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Malawi, Nigeria, and S��o Tom�� Island (new location). Remarks D. bakoue resembles the species of the ��� D. nikananu species complex��� Tsacas & Chassagnard, 1992 in males having completely yellow abdominal tergites. However, it differs from the species of the ��� D. nikananu species complex��� in males having sex combs on the two first tarsomeres of the foreleg (the comb is lost or reduced on the second tarsomere in the ��� D. nikananu species complex���) and lacking a dorsal tooth-like protuberance on the surstylus. Lachaise (1979) attributed a laboratory strain collected from Makoukou (Gabon) to this species, and showed that it could produce fertile F 1 females and sterile F 1 males when its females were crossed with males of the strain of D. vulcana of Bock & Wheeler (1972). Rafael (1984) attributed another strain from Kunden (Cameroon) to D. bakoue and showed that it could not hybridize with the same strain of D. vulcana or with the strain of D. tsacasi of Bock & Wheeler (1972). Intriguingly, Rafael (1984) pointed out that both the Gabonese and Cameroonian strains of D. bakoue showed some differences in body size and pigmentation from the type material from Ivory Coast. She also found that the Cameroonian strain hybridized readily with D. malagassya, though both F1 sexes were sterile. Kopp (2016) analyzed a strain collected from the island of S��o Tom�� and attributed to D. bakoue by J.R. David, and found that it produced sterile F 1 males and females when crossed with the same strain of D. tsacasi. Da Lage et al. (2007) analyzed the sequence of the nuclear gene Amyrel from a strain collected from Benin and found it to be sister to the strain of D. tsacasi of Bock & Wheeler (1972). Prigent et al. (2017) partially sequenced the mitochondrial gene COI from two specimens from Mount Oku in Cameroon and did not recover such affinity (Fig. 2). These results suggest that at least two different species may have been attributed to D. bakoue, from which the strains from Benin and S��o Tom�� are closely related to D. tsacasi, whereas the strains from Gabon and Cameroon are distant. The relation of these species with the true D. bakoue from Ivory Coast needs more investigations.
Published as part of Yassin, Amir, Suwalski, Arnaud & Raveloson Ravaomanarivo, Lala H., 2019, Resolving the synonymy and polyphyly of the ' Drosophila bakoue species complex' (Diptera: Drosophilidae: ' D. montium species group') with descriptions of two new species from Madagascar, pp. 1-26 in European Journal of Taxonomy 532 on page 8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.532, http://zenodo.org/record/3251569
{"references":["Tsacas L. & Lachaise D. 1974. Quatre nouvelles especes de la Cote-d'Ivoire du genre Drosophila, groupe melanogaster, et discussion de l'origine du sous-groupe melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Annales de l'Universite d'Abidjan 7: 193 - 211.","Tsacas L. & Chassagnard M. - T. 1992. L'identite de Drosophila (Sophophora) vulcana Graber (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France 96: 427 - 432.","Lachaise D. 1979. Speciation, Coevolution et Adaptation des Populations de Drosophilides en Afrique Tropicale. PhD Thesis, University of Paris VI, France.","Bock I. R. & Wheeler M. R. 1972. The Drosophila melanogaster species group. The University of Texas Publication 7213: 1 - 102.","Rafael V. 1984. Relations interspecifiques dans le nouveau complexe africain de Drosophila bakoue du groupe melanogaster, sous-groupe montium (Diptera, Drosophilidae). Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France 109: 179 - 189.","Kopp A. 2016. Strong reproductive isolation among African species of the Drosophila montium subgroup. Drosophila Information Service 99: 33 - 35.","Da Lage J. - L., Kergoat G. J., Maczkowiak F., Silvain J. - F., Cariou M. - L. & Lachaise D. 2007. A phylogeny of Drosophilidae using the Amyrel gene: questioning the Drosophila melanogaster species group boundaries. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 45: 47 - 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0469.2006.00389. x","Prigent S. R., Suwalski A. & Veuille M. 2017. Connecting systematic and ecological studies using DNA barcoding in a population survey of Drosophilidae (Diptera) from Mt Oku (Cameroon). European Journal of Taxonomy 287: 1 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2017.287"]}