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Genetic and environmental aetiologies of associations between dispositional mindfulness and ADHD traits: a population-based twin study
- Source :
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 9, pp. 1241-1251, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 1241-1251, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(9), 1241-1251. D. Steinkopff-Verlag
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- To get additional insight into the phenotype of attentional problems, we examined to what extent genetic and environmental factors explain covariation between lack of dispositional mindfulness and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits in youth, and explored the incremental validity of these constructs in predicting life satisfaction. We used data from a UK population-representative sample of adolescent twins (N = 1092 pairs) on lack of dispositional mindfulness [Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS)], ADHD traits [Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised (CPRS-R): inattentive (INATT) and hyperactivity/impulsivity (HYP/IMP) symptom dimensions] and life satisfaction (Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale). Twin model fitting analyses were conducted. Phenotypic correlations (rp) between MAAS and CPRS-R (INATT: rp = 0.18, HYP/IMP: rp = 0.13) were small, but significant and largely explained by shared genes for INATT (% rp INATT–MAAS due to genes: 93%, genetic correlation rA = 0.37) and HYP/IMP (% rp HYP/IMP–MAAS due to genes: 81%; genetic correlation rA = 0.21) with no significant contribution of environmental factors. MAAS, INATT and HYP/IMP significantly and independently predicted life satisfaction. Lack of dispositional mindfulness, assessed as self-reported perceived lapses of attention (MAAS), taps into an aspect of attentional functioning that is phenotypically and genetically distinct from parent-rated ADHD traits. The clinically relevant incremental validity of both scales implicates that MAAS could be used to explore the underlying mechanisms of an aspect of attentional functioning that uniquely affects life satisfaction and is not captured by DSM-based ADHD scales. Further future research could identify if lack of dispositional mindfulness and high ADHD traits can be targeted by different therapeutic approaches resulting in different effects on life satisfaction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00787-019-01279-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Mindfulness
mindfulness
Adolescent
Stress-related disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 13]
Dispositional mindfulness
Impulsivity
Genetic correlation
150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function
attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Genetics
Diseases in Twins
Developmental and Educational Psychology
medicine
Child and adolescent psychiatry
Humans
Attention
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
genetics
twin study
Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7]
05 social sciences
tttention
Life satisfaction
Twin study
Original Contribution
Environmental Exposure
General Medicine
030227 psychiatry
3. Good health
Psychiatry and Mental health
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Attention-deficit disorder with hyperactivity
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Female
medicine.symptom
Psychology
Incremental validity
050104 developmental & child psychology
Clinical psychology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10188827
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9f44f9c4c40ef40816f1171d2198b8e7
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01279-8