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Depressive symptom clusters are differentially associated with atherosclerotic disease
- Source :
- Psychological Medicine, 41, 7, pp. 1419-28, Psychological Medicine, 41, 1419-28, Psychological Medicine, 41(7), 1419-1428. Cambridge University Press
- Publication Year :
- 2011
- Publisher :
- Cambridge University Press, 2011.
-
Abstract
- BackgroundDepression increases the risk of subsequent vascular events in both cardiac and non-cardiac patients. Atherosclerosis, the underlying process leading to vascular events, has been associated with depression. This association, however, may be confounded by the somatic-affective symptoms being a consequence of cardiovascular disease. While taking into account the differentiation between somatic-affective and cognitive-affective symptoms of depression, we examined the association between depression and atherosclerosis in a community-based sample.MethodIn 1261 participants of the Nijmegen Biomedical Study (NBS), aged 50–70 years and free of stroke and dementia, we measured the intima–media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery as a measure of atherosclerosis and we assessed depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Principal components analysis (PCA) of the BDI items yielded two factors, representing a cognitive-affective and a somatic-affective symptom cluster. While correcting for confounders, we used separate multiple regression analyses to test the BDI sum score and both depression symptom clusters.ResultsWe found a significant correlation between the BDI sum score and the IMT. Cognitive-affective, but not somatic-affective, symptoms were also associated with the IMT. When we stratified for coronary artery disease (CAD), the somatic-affective symptom cluster correlated significantly with depression in both patients with and patients without CAD.ConclusionsThe association between depressive symptoms and atherosclerosis is explained by the somatic-affective symptom cluster of depression. Subclinical vascular disease thus may inflate depressive symptom scores and may explain why treatment of depression in cardiac patients hardly affects vascular outcome.
- Subjects :
- Carotid Artery Diseases
Male
110 012 Social cognition of verbal communication
Heart disease
Perception and Actions Mental Health [DCN 1]
LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION
Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders Functional Neurogenomics [IGMD 3]
INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS
Coronary artery disease
Hormonal regulation Molecular epidemiology [IGMD 6]
Myocardial infarction
Applied Psychology
Depression (differential diagnoses)
Subclinical infection
Netherlands
Principal Component Analysis
CARDIOVASCULAR PROGNOSIS
Late life depression
Middle Aged
Psychiatry and Mental health
depression
Cardiology
cognitive-affective
CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS
CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE
Female
Functional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]
medicine.medical_specialty
Health aging / healthy living [IGMD 5]
factor analysis
HEART-DISEASE
elderly
150 000 MR Techniques in Brain Function
Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]
Molecular epidemiology [NCEBP 1]
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
VASCULAR DEPRESSION
Aged
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
Depressive Disorder
business.industry
Vascular disease
somatic-affective
MAJOR DEPRESSION
medicine.disease
CARDIAC EVENTS
Intima-media thickness
MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION
intima-media thickness (IMT)
atherosclerosis
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14698978 and 00332917
- Volume :
- 41
- Issue :
- 7
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Psychological Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....9db9945212085cf84ee6a056d806efca