A framework for personalized production based on digital twin, blockchain and additive manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0

The booming customized and personalized demands call for new production paradigms that complies with that change. The ubiquitous connection, digitization and sharing in the context of Industry 4.0 present an opportunity for next-generation production paradigm-personalized production, to meet the booming personalized demands with individual needs and preferences. Personalized production refers to a customer-centric production paradigm, where individual needs and preferences are transformed into personalized products and services at an affordable cost, by maximizing the benefit of connection and sharing throughout the product life-cycle. This paper reviews and identifies the evolution of production paradigms. A framework for personalized production based on digital twin, blockchain and additive manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0 is proposed. Besides, the impact of the implementation of personalized production is discussed from the aspects of customer-centric business model, social and environmental effects and challenges of data ownership. This paper provides helpful guidance and reference for personalized production paradigm.